中国机械工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 487-497.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.02.023
• 工程前沿 • 上一篇
收稿日期:2025-01-18
出版日期:2026-02-25
发布日期:2026-03-13
通讯作者:
刘送永
作者简介:李 强,男,1987年生,副教授、博士。研究方向为巷道快速掘进技术及装备。E-mail:liqiang1205@163.com基金资助:
LI Qiang1,2(
), LIU Songyong1(
), WANG Yan1
Received:2025-01-18
Online:2026-02-25
Published:2026-03-13
Contact:
LIU Songyong
摘要:
针对现有煤矿巷道全断面矩形掘进机刀盘形式复杂、全断面一次掘进成形困难等问题,提出了一种基于勒洛三角形运动原理实现矩形截割的方法,设计了一种基于所提方法的偏心轴行星齿轮驱动勒洛三角形单刀盘,进行了运动轨迹仿真,搭建了全断面矩形刀盘截割试验台,进行了稳定截割状态下的多组试验。试验结果表明:中心鱼尾刀能增加截割过程的稳定性,较大程度地减小了X、Y、Z方向的振动,减小幅度最小达42.107%,最大达51.753%;进行了11组不同截割参数下的稳定截割岩样试验,得到了扭矩、油压与截割参数的变化关系,提出了设备经济截割参数区域的概念,确定了在试验岩样下所设计的刀盘经济截割参数区域为:转速n(N-p)min=[6.6,9.8] r/min,掘进速度v(N-p)min=[14.25,18.3] mm/min;对截割后的岩样断面轮廓进行三维扫描、重构和比对,得到理论断面、仿真断面、试验断面与标准正方形之间的图形差异率依次为3.18%、5.09%、6.64%,验证了该刀盘实现矩形截割的可行性。
中图分类号:
李强, 刘送永, 王焱. 全断面矩形掘进机刀盘设计及其稳定截割岩样截割特性试验研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2026, 37(2): 487-497.
LI Qiang, LIU Songyong, WANG Yan. Design of Full-section Rectangular Tunneling Devices and Experimental Study of Its Stable Rock-cutting Characteristics[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 37(2): 487-497.
图2 偏心轴行星齿轮驱动勒洛三角形单刀盘各刀具运动轨迹仿真
Fig.2 The motion trajectory simulation of each tool of the eccentric shaft planetary gear drive Reuleaux triangle single cutter head
图4 试验台实物全貌1.推进装置 2.全断面截割装置 3.岩样 4.岩样推移装置 5.液压泵站及控制装置 6.中心鱼尾刀O0 7.边缘切刀A08.刮刀A1~A5 9.油压传感器 10.拉线式位移传感器 11.转速扭矩传感器 12.振动传感器 13.信号采集仪 14.计算机
Fig.4 A full view of the test bench
试验 序号 | 试验类型 | 油压/MPa | 扭矩/(N·m) | X方向最大振动/(m·s | Y方向最大振动/(m·s | Z方向最大振动/(m·s | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 单次试验值 | 三次试验平均值 | 单次试验值 | 三次试验平均值 | 单次试验值 | 三次试验平均值 | 单次试验值 | 三次试验平均值 | 单次试验值 | 三次试验平均值 | ||
| 1 | 有中心鱼尾刀 | 3.668 | 3.667 | 50.393 | 50.41 | 10.697 | 12.333 | 12.065 | 14.123 | 8.328 | 9.414 |
| 2 | 3.664 | 50.439 | 15.595 | 18.25 | 11.325 | ||||||
| 3 | 3.669 | 50.397 | 10.708 | 12.055 | 8.588 | ||||||
| 4 | 无中心鱼尾刀 | 3.525 | 3.524 | 48.732 | 48.634 | 25.676 | 21.675 | 30.305 | 29.272 | 18.436 | 16.261 |
| 5 | 3.522 | 48.472 | 18.123 | 27.207 | 14.783 | ||||||
| 6 | 3.526 | 48.699 | 21.226 | 30.305 | 15.563 | ||||||
| 有中心鱼尾刀产生的改变量(以平均值计算)/% | ↑4.058 | ↑3.652 | ↓43.100 | ↓51.753 | ↓42.107 | ||||||
表1 有无中心鱼尾刀对截割特性的影响
Tab.2 The influence of fishtail cutter with and without center on cutting characteristics
试验 序号 | 试验类型 | 油压/MPa | 扭矩/(N·m) | X方向最大振动/(m·s | Y方向最大振动/(m·s | Z方向最大振动/(m·s | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 单次试验值 | 三次试验平均值 | 单次试验值 | 三次试验平均值 | 单次试验值 | 三次试验平均值 | 单次试验值 | 三次试验平均值 | 单次试验值 | 三次试验平均值 | ||
| 1 | 有中心鱼尾刀 | 3.668 | 3.667 | 50.393 | 50.41 | 10.697 | 12.333 | 12.065 | 14.123 | 8.328 | 9.414 |
| 2 | 3.664 | 50.439 | 15.595 | 18.25 | 11.325 | ||||||
| 3 | 3.669 | 50.397 | 10.708 | 12.055 | 8.588 | ||||||
| 4 | 无中心鱼尾刀 | 3.525 | 3.524 | 48.732 | 48.634 | 25.676 | 21.675 | 30.305 | 29.272 | 18.436 | 16.261 |
| 5 | 3.522 | 48.472 | 18.123 | 27.207 | 14.783 | ||||||
| 6 | 3.526 | 48.699 | 21.226 | 30.305 | 15.563 | ||||||
| 有中心鱼尾刀产生的改变量(以平均值计算)/% | ↑4.058 | ↑3.652 | ↓43.100 | ↓51.753 | ↓42.107 | ||||||
试验 序号 | 截割参数 | 试验结果 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
转速 n/(r·min | 推进速度 v/(mm·min | 油压p/MPa | 扭矩 N/(N·m) | |
| 1 | 1.010 | 10.20 | 3.665 | 50.338 |
| 2 | 2.074 | 21.06 | 3.704 | 49.762 |
| 3 | 2.166 | 25.54 | 3.669 | 79.872 |
| 4 | 3.132 | 18.72 | 3.728 | 49.132 |
| 5 | 3.197 | 20.34 | 3.730 | 49.186 |
| 6 | 4.501 | 20.58 | 3.327 | 32.468 |
| 7 | 5.270 | 21.54 | 3.728 | 48.156 |
| 8 | 6.031 | 22.14 | 3.731 | 47.773 |
| 9 | 7.335 | 24.42 | 3.629 | 61.553 |
| 10 | 8.484 | 16.14 | 3.362 | 30.501 |
| 11 | 9.847 | 10.38 | 3.374 | 29.794 |
表2 稳定截割多组试验及其结果
Tab.3 Multiple sets of stable cutting tests and their results
试验 序号 | 截割参数 | 试验结果 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
转速 n/(r·min | 推进速度 v/(mm·min | 油压p/MPa | 扭矩 N/(N·m) | |
| 1 | 1.010 | 10.20 | 3.665 | 50.338 |
| 2 | 2.074 | 21.06 | 3.704 | 49.762 |
| 3 | 2.166 | 25.54 | 3.669 | 79.872 |
| 4 | 3.132 | 18.72 | 3.728 | 49.132 |
| 5 | 3.197 | 20.34 | 3.730 | 49.186 |
| 6 | 4.501 | 20.58 | 3.327 | 32.468 |
| 7 | 5.270 | 21.54 | 3.728 | 48.156 |
| 8 | 6.031 | 22.14 | 3.731 | 47.773 |
| 9 | 7.335 | 24.42 | 3.629 | 61.553 |
| 10 | 8.484 | 16.14 | 3.362 | 30.501 |
| 11 | 9.847 | 10.38 | 3.374 | 29.794 |
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