中国机械工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 1472-1485.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.06.020

• 生物制造 • 上一篇    

考虑竞争失效与多源不确定性的扑翼飞行器驱动机构可靠性分析

崔卫民1,2(), 陈星宇2, 王可可2,3, 李佳航2, 江德印1(), 刘敬一1, 庞欢1   

  1. 1.长安大学汽车学院, 西安, 710064
    2.西北工业大学航空学院, 西安, 710012
    3.航空工业庆安集团有限公司, 西安, 710082
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-12 出版日期:2026-06-25 发布日期:2026-07-17
  • 通讯作者: 江德印
  • 作者简介:崔卫民,男,1969年生,博士、副教授。研究方向为飞行器结构/机构可靠性分析、设计与试验。E-mail: cuiwm@nwpu.edu.cn
    江德印*(通信作者),男,1995年生,博士、讲师。研究方向为机构损伤动力学、机械可靠性。E-mail: jiangdy@chd.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52202507);陕西省自然科学基金(2024JC-YBMS-371);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2024JC-YBQN-0564);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(300102224204);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(300102225104)

Reliability Analysis for Driving Mechanisms of Flapping-wing Aircrafts Considering Competitive Failure and Multi-source Uncertainty

CUI Weimin1,2(), CHEN Xingyu2, WANG Keke2,3, LI Jiahang2, JIANG Deyin1(), LIU Jingyi1, PANG Huan1   

  1. 1.School of Automobile,Chang'an University,Xi'an,710064
    2.School of Aeronautics,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an,710012
    3.AVIC Qing'an Group Co. ,Ltd. ,Xi'an,710082
  • Received:2025-05-12 Online:2026-06-25 Published:2026-07-17
  • Contact: JIANG Deyin

摘要:

针对仿生扑翼飞行器驱动机构因铰链磨损导致寿命短的缺陷,提出含间隙铰链的扑翼驱动机构动态可靠性评估方法。基于扑翼飞行器驱动机构的工作原理对机构的失效模式进行分析,确立了磨损与运动不对称性为扑翼飞行器驱动机构的关键失效模式,融合Hertz接触力模型与Archard磨损理论建立了非均匀磨损动力学模型。通过离散控制点绘制样条曲线重构磨损轮廓,实现了多周次磨损动态更新仿真。在结合Kriging和蒙特卡罗模拟的主动学习方法(AK-MCS)基础上考虑竞争失效模式,将其改进为Improved-AKMCS,以量化铰链磨损与摇臂运动不对称的竞争失效机制。结果表明:机构前65 000周次运行时以磨损失效为主,至68 000周次因运动不对称失效加剧,总可靠度由0.9989降至0.0165。灵敏度分析证实了弹性模量、磨损率及铰链初始间隙对可靠性具有显著相关性。

关键词: 扑翼驱动机构, 失效模式, 铰链磨损, 机构可靠性, 非均匀磨损

Abstract:

Aiming at the lifespan bottlenecks of the bionic flapping-wing aircraft drive mechanisms caused by hinge wear, a dynamic reliability assessment method was proposed considering clearance hinges. Based on the working principle of the flapping-wing aircraft drive mechanisms, the failure modes of the mechanisms were analyzed, and wear and motion asymmetry were established as the key failure modes. A non-uniform wear dynamics model was developed by integrating the Hertz contact force model and the Archard wear theory. The wear profile was reconstructed by drawing spline curves through discrete control points, enabling dynamic update simulation for multiple cycles of wear. Building upon the active learning method combining Kriging and Monte Carlo simulation(AK-MCS) and considering competitive failure modes, improved-AKMCS was used to quantify the competitive failure mechanism between hinge wear and rocker motion asymmetry. The results indicate that wear failure dominates the first 65 000 operation cycles of the mechanisms; until 68 000 cycles, the failure due to motion asymmetry intensifies, and the overall reliability drops from 0.9989 to 0.0165. Sensitivity analysis confirms that the elastic modulus, wear coefficient, and initial hinge clearance have significant correlations with reliability.

Key words: flapping-wing drive mechanism, failure mode, hinge wear, mechanism reliability, non-uniform wear

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