基于内聚力模型的某型挂钩悬挂失效分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2025.09.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对某型挂钩在进行挂载试验时阻铁镉镀层脱落造成阻铁下滑而导致悬挂物悬挂姿态发生偏转甚至有掉落风险的问题展开研究。基于内聚力模型建立了预设垂直裂纹和界面裂纹的挂钩挂载有限元模型，通过裂纹损伤因子判定裂纹失效形式，并构建了止动臂/阻铁的局部接触模型，研究镀层界面脱黏过程中的摩擦因数变化情况。结果表明，在挂钩挂载过程中，阻铁镀层与基材在结合面处产生面内剪切应力差导致界面脱黏，但整个过程不产生垂直裂纹，同时在界面脱黏过程中接触面摩擦因数会短暂降低至0.05以下，低于阻铁下滑的临界滑动摩擦因数。

关键词: 挂钩, 摩擦因数, 镀层, 内聚力模型, 脱黏损伤

Abstract:

During the mount tests of a certain type of hook， Cd-Ti coating of latch was delaminated， and caused the latch slide downward， then the suspension might deflected， posing a risk of suspension detachment. A research on this risk was conducted. Based on cohesive zone model， a finite element model of the hook under load was established， incorporating predefined vertical cracks and interfacial cracks. The crack damage factor was employed to determine the crack failure modes， and a local contact model of the stop arm/latch was developed to investigate the variations in friction coefficient during coating interface debonding. Results reveal that during the hook's load-bearing processes， in-plane shear stress differences at the interfaces between the latch coating and the substrate induce interfacial debonding， without the formation of vertical cracks. Meanwhile， the friction coefficient at the contact interfaces temporarily drops below 0.05 during debonding， which is lower than the critical sliding friction coefficient required to prevent latch slippages.

Key words: hook, friction coefficient, coating, cohesive zone model, debonding damage

中图分类号:

TJ768.2

李增伟, 侯泽伟, 洪家旺, 祁军义. 基于内聚力模型的某型挂钩悬挂失效分析[J]. 中国机械工程, 2025, 36(9): 1934-1941.

Zengwei LI, Zewei HOU, Jiawang HONG, Junyi QI. Failure Analysis of a Certain Type of Hook Suspension Based on Cohesive Zone Model[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 36(9): 1934-1941.

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链接本文: https://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2025.09.004

https://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/Y2025/V36/I9/1934

图/表 14

图1 挂钩挂载悬挂物状态

Fig.1 Hook-mounted suspended object status

图2 双线性本构模型

Fig.2 Hyperbolic constitutive model

图3 有镀层挂钩网格信息

Fig.3 Coating hook grid information

表1 零厚度内聚力模型参数

Tab. 1 Parameters of zero-thickness cohesive zone model

参数	Ⅰ型裂纹^［21］	Ⅱ型裂纹^［22］
$T n n, T s s, T t t$ /MPa	均为18.50	均为46.50
$E n n, E s s, E t t$ /MPa	均为11.82	均为25.46
$G n n$ /（N·mm^-1）	0.58	0.94

表1 零厚度内聚力模型参数

Tab. 1 Parameters of zero-thickness cohesive zone model

参数	Ⅰ型裂纹^［21］	Ⅱ型裂纹^［22］
$T n n, T s s, T t t$ /MPa	均为18.50	均为46.50
$E n n, E s s, E t t$ /MPa	均为11.82	均为25.46
$G n n$ /（N·mm^-1）	0.58	0.94

图4 镀层阻铁位移信息

Fig.4 Coating latch displacement information

图5 裂纹Ⅱ的失效判定

Fig.5 Failure criterion for crack Ⅱ

图6 阻铁有无镀层的应力对比

Fig.6 Stress comparison of latch with and without coating

图7 镀层结合面相邻网格单元的应力变化

Fig.7 Stress variation in adjacent mesh elements at the coating interface

图8 止动臂/阻铁局部接触模型

Fig.8 Local contact model of stop arm / latch

图9 镀层脱落过程中接触面摩擦因数变化

Fig.9 Variation of friction coefficient during delaminating process

图10 挂钩挂载时主要受力部件受力图

Fig.10 Force diagram of the main load-bearing components when hook mounting

图11 阻铁临界摩擦因数与预紧力的关系

Fig.11 Relationship between critical friction coefficient and preload force of latch

图 12 阻铁下滑位移与摩擦因数关系

Fig.12 Relationship between sliding displacement and friction coefficient of latch

图13 临界滑动摩擦因数与θ、α的关系

Fig.13 Relationship between critical sliding friction coefficient and θ、α

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