中国机械工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (10): 2676-2683.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.10.030

• 工程前沿 • 上一篇    

基于电磁锁紧原理的蛟龙号钻头更换装置设计

任玉刚1,2(), 张晓宇2(), 李超1, 史先鹏1, 丁忠军1   

  1. 1.国家深海基地管理中心, 青岛, 266237
    2.山东科技大学海洋科学与工程学院, 青岛, 266590
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-28 出版日期:2026-10-25 发布日期:2026-11-10
  • 通讯作者: 张晓宇
  • 作者简介:任玉刚,男,1987年生,博士、正高级工程师。研究方向为深海运载器作业技术。E-mail:ytrenyugang@163.com
    张晓宇*(通信作者),男,1999年生,硕士。研究方向为基于深潜器的钻探应用技术。E-mail: 2336933194@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2022YFC2805200);泰山学者工程(tsqn202408291);国家自然科学基金(52671420);国家自然科学基金(62273165)

Design of the Jiaolong Drill Bit Replacement Device Based on Electromagnetic Locking Principle

REN Yugang1,2(), ZHANG Xiaoyu2(), LI Chao1, SHI Xianpeng1, DING Zhongjun1   

  1. 1.National Deep Sea Base Management Center,Qingdao,Shandong,266237
    2.College of Ocean Science and Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao,Shandong,266590
  • Received:2025-08-28 Online:2026-10-25 Published:2026-11-10
  • Contact: ZHANG Xiaoyu

摘要:

为解决潜水器每次下潜仅能单根取芯、钻头更换困难、传统换头机构不适配等问题,提出基于电磁原理和力平衡理论的钻头更换装置设计方法,创新设计电磁锁紧钻头更换机构,通过虚拟样机快速完成机械构型,经ANSYS仿真优化制动销轴等关键件,缩短研制周期。按7000 m级工作目标完成工程样机研制与深海压力试验,2025年3月参航蛟龙号专项设备海试航次,在南海2000 m级深海完成海试验证,实测电磁锁紧力150 N、定位精度±0.2 mm、单次换头时间t1≤5 min,为深潜装备精细化、高价值取芯提供可靠技术支撑。

关键词: 蛟龙号, 岩芯取样, 钻头更换机构, 电磁锁紧

Abstract:

To address limitations such as single-core sampling per dive, difficulty in drill bit replacement, and incompatibility of conventional head-changing mechanisms, a design methodology for drill bit replacement devices was proposed based on electromagnetic principles and force equilibrium theory. An innovative electromagnetic locking drill bit replacement mechanism was designed, and the mechanical configuration was rapidly completed through virtual prototyping. Key components, such as the brake pin shaft, were optimized via ANSYS simulation, which shortened the development cycle. According to the 7000 m-class working target, engineering prototypes were developed and subjected to deep-sea pressure testing. In March 2025, the device was deployed in the Jiaolong specialized equipment sea trial voyage, and sea trial validation was completed at 2000 m-class depths in the South China Sea. The measured electromagnetic locking force was 150 N, with a positioning accuracy of ±0.2 mm and a single head replacement time of ≤5 min. This provides reliable technical support for precise, high-value coring in deep-diving equipment.

Key words: Jiaolong submersible, core sampling, drill bit replacement mechanism, electromagnetic locking

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