中国机械工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (10): 2652-2666.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.10.028

• 工程前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

镍基单晶涡轮叶片热应力分布与局部塑性行为多尺度模拟分析

王映尧1(), 叶显爵1, 张文强1, 陈爽1, 张跃飞1,2()   

  1. 1.浙江大学材料科学与工程学院, 杭州, 310027
    2.浙江大学硅及先进半导体材料全国重点实验室, 杭州, 310027
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-17 出版日期:2026-10-25 发布日期:2026-11-10
  • 通讯作者: 张跃飞
  • 作者简介:王映尧,男,1999年生,硕士研究生。研究方向为高温金属材料使役条件与结构性能数值仿真。E-mail:22226018@zju.edu.cn
    张跃飞*(通信作者),男,1976年生,教授、博士研究生导师。研究方向为原位高温电子显微学与仪器研制、高温合金的微观结构与性能表征、原位高通量表征技术与大数据机器学习。E-mail:yfzhang76@zju.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52401025)

Thermal Stress Distribution and Local Plasticity Analysis of Nickel-based Single Crystal Turbine Blades via Multiscale Simulation

WANG Yingyao1(), YE Xianjue1, ZHANG Wenqiang1, CHEN Shuang1, ZHANG Yuefei1,2()   

  1. 1.College of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,310027
    2.State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,310027
  • Received:2025-04-17 Online:2026-10-25 Published:2026-11-10
  • Contact: ZHANG Yuefei

摘要:

通过流-热-结构顺序耦合仿真流程,结合晶体塑性有限元方法(CPFEM),探究热障涂层(TBC)与单晶次级取向对航空发动机叶片热-机械行为及微观塑性滑移的具体影响。结果表明:TBC可显著降低叶片温度,使热点冷却效率提高约30%,但在强对流区隔热效果减弱并伴随热应力重分布加剧局部应力集中;结构干涉会诱发主导滑移系(DSS)转变,尤其在气膜孔区域表现为滑移系竞争行为增强;TBC可使孔周区域滑移混合分布收缩,缓解材料剪切作用并增强统一分布特征;将通过解析弹性应力结果得到的DSS和对应最大分切应力(MRSS)用于衡量取向匹配度与塑性变形风险,发现气膜孔区域晶体取向导致MRSS差异可达32%;通过提出的“S₁-S₂-S₃”指标,结合晶体塑性分析可定量评估多轴应力下的滑移系优先级;低应力三轴度区域应力张量与晶格接近满足空间对称关系时易形成多滑移系竞争现象,而高应力三轴度促进单一滑移系主导。

关键词: 航空发动机叶片, 多尺度建模, 热障涂层, 晶体塑性有限元方法, 滑移系激活

Abstract:

By using sequential fluid-thermal-structural coupled simulations combined with the CPFEM, the specific effects of TBC and single-crystal secondary orientation on the thermo-mechanical behavior and slip mechanism of turbine blades were investigated. The results show that TBC lowers blade temperature and improves cooling by~30%, though the effect weakens in strong convection zones inducing thermal stress redistribution. Structural interference altered the dominant slip system(DSS), with intensified slip competition near cooling holes. TBC shrinks mixed slip zones near cooling holes, softens shear, and promotes slip uniformity. The DSS and the corresponding maximum resolved shear stress (MRSS), derived from the elastic stress analysis, reflect orientation mismatch and plastic risk, with MRSS differing by up to 32% near cooling holes due to crystal orientation differences. A cross-scale evaluation index “S₁-S₂-S₃” was established, combined with crystal plasticity analysis, to characterize the priority of slip system competition under multiaxial stresses. When stress triaxiality is low and the stress tensor is nearly aligned with the crystal lattice, multiple slip systems often compete, whereas high triaxiality promotes dominance of a single slip system.

Key words: aeroengine blade, multiscale modeling, thermal barrier coating(TBC), crystal plasticity finite element method(CPFEM), slip system activation

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