中国机械工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (11): 2665-2669.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2025.11.023

• 机械基础工程 • 上一篇    

基于音爆测量试验的外式天平及支撑装置研制

贾巍1,2(), 田仁慧2(), 刘靖2, 汪多炜2, 刘文华2   

  1. 1.火箭军工程大学导弹工程学院, 西安, 710025
    2.中国空气动力研究与发展中心, 绵阳, 621000
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-04 出版日期:2025-11-25 发布日期:2025-12-09
  • 通讯作者: 田仁慧
  • 作者简介:贾巍,女,1985年生,硕士研究生、工程师。研究方向为风洞应变天平研制与运用。E-mail:43660704@qq.com

Development of External Balances and Support Devices Based on Sonic Boom Measurement Test

Wei JIA1,2(), Renhui TIAN2(), Jing LIU2, Duowei WANG2, Wenhua LIU2   

  1. 1.College of Missile Engineering,Rocket Force University of Engineering,Xi’an,710025
    2.China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang,Sichuan,621000
  • Received:2025-04-04 Online:2025-11-25 Published:2025-12-09
  • Contact: Renhui TIAN

摘要:

为研究飞行器在超声速流场中的音爆特性,针对其气动力载荷的测量需求,研制了一套专用的外式天平及支撑装置,通过采用多部件耦合串联、设置新型混合式惠斯通测量电桥、开展有限元方法分析优化等手段,解决了“传统外式天平因模型压心严重偏离天平元件中心导致的天平力与力矩载荷不匹配”以及“多环节连接的固有间隙及耦合效应导致的联动及可靠性”问题,可在音爆测量风洞试验中通过惠斯通电桥的测量机理实现气动力分量的精确测量。结果表明,外式天平测量结果稳定可靠,能有效捕捉气动力变化,为音爆特性测量提供关键数据支撑。

关键词: 音爆, 风洞试验, 天平, 支撑装置

Abstract:

To study the sonic boom characteristics of aircraft in a supersonic flow field, a set of specialized external balance and support device was developed to meet the measurement requirements of aerodynamic loads. By adopting multi-component coupling series connection, setting a new type of hybrid Wheatstone measuring bridge, and conducting finite element method analyses and optimizations, two critical issues were resolved: the mismatch between force and moment loads caused by severe model center deviation from balance element centers in traditional external balances, and the interconnection and reliability issues stemming from inherent clearance and coupling effects in multi-linkage systems. The aerodynamic force component may be precisely measured by Wheatstone bridge's measuring mechanism during sonic boom measurement wind tunnel tests. The results show that the measurement results of the external balance are stable and reliable, and may effectively capture the changes in aerodynamic force, providing key data support for the measurement of sonic boom characteristics.

Key words: sonic boom, wind tunnel test, balance, support device

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