中国机械工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (10): 2343-2350.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2025.10.023

• 可持续制造 • 上一篇    

基于母板滑动策略的大理石板材排样算法

郭保苏1,2(), 王永春1, 马健明1, 孙万诚1, 王世运1, 黄传真1,2()   

  1. 1.燕山大学机械工程学院, 秦皇岛, 066004
    2.河北省重型智能制造装备技术创新中心, 秦皇岛, 066004
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-06 出版日期:2025-10-25 发布日期:2025-11-05
  • 通讯作者: 黄传真
  • 作者简介:郭保苏,男,1986年生,教授、博士研究生导师。研究方向为智能排样、故障诊断、精密与超精密加工。E-mail:guobaosu@ysu.edu.cn
    黄传真*(通信作者),男,1966年生,教授、博士研究生导师。研究方向为高效精密加工技术、结构陶瓷材料研制及应用、新材料加工技术。E-mail:huangchuanzhen@ysu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52175488);河北省教育厅高等学校科技计划(BJ2021045);河北省中央引导地方科技发展资金(236Z1808G)

A Method for Packing Marble Slabs Based on Original Plate Sliding Strategy

Baosu GUO1,2(), Yongchun WANG1, Jianming MA1, Wancheng SUN1, Shiyun WANG1, Chuanzhen HUANG1,2()   

  1. 1.School of Mechanical Engineering,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao,Hebei,066004
    2.Heavy-Duty Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment Innovation Center of Hebei Province,Qinhuangdao,Hebei,066004
  • Received:2024-12-06 Online:2025-10-25 Published:2025-11-05
  • Contact: Chuanzhen HUANG

摘要:

为了解决大理石板的下料问题,确保成品矩形板材的纹理和色差一致,同时提高材料的利用率,采取轮廓提取算法对大理石母板可排样区域进行轮廓提取,提出了基于母板滑动策略的矩形件排样方法。采用齐头切约束下的最低水平线算法构建样件域,提出融合人工蜂群算法和黑寡妇算法的混合算法(ABWO)对样件域进行优化。通过母板在样件域中进行滑动与旋转寻优,以母板填充率作为评价指标,实现了最优排样方案的高效求解。实验结果表明:在单一规格矩形的排样实验中,所提方法排样时间缩短90%以上,排样填充率与传统方法相当,排样结果满足一刀切约束,有利于后续切割下料;非单一规格矩形排样实验中,采用ABWO算法对零件排入顺序进行优化,样件域填充率提高5%。结合母板滑动策略,最终排样填充率与传统排样方法相比提高了3%。

关键词: 大理石, 板材下料, 齐头切约束, 最低水平线算法, 启发式算法

Abstract:

In order to solve the issues of cutting marble slabs and ensure consistent texture and color difference in the final rectangular panels while improving material utilization, a contour extraction algorithm was adopted to extract the contours of the usable areas on the original marble plate and a rectangle packing method was proposed based on an original plate sliding strategy. The lowest horizontal search algorithm under the guillotine constraint was used to construct the part domains and the ABWO algorithm, which integrates the artificial bee colony algorithm and the black widow optimization algorithm was introduced to optimize the part domains. By sliding and rotating the original plate within the part domains and using the utilization rate as an evaluation metric, an efficient solution for the optimal cutting scheme was achieved. The experimental results indicate that in the packing experiments with single size rectangular parts, the proposed method reduces the packing time by more than 90%, while achieving a filling rate comparable to traditional methods. The packing results meet the guillotine constraint, which is beneficial for subsequent cutting processes. In the experiments with non-single size rectangular parts, the implementation of the ABWO algorithm optimizes the order of parts placement, resulting in a 5% increase in the filling rate of the part domains. By combining part domains with the original plate sliding strategy, the final filling rate is improved by 3% compared to traditional packing methods.

Key words: marble, sheet cutting, guillotine constraint, lowest horizontal search algorithm, heuristic algorithm

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