铝锰钪锆选区激光熔化成形过程介观尺度数值模拟

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2025.03.022

中国机械工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (03): 584-592，603.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2025.03.022

铝锰钪锆选区激光熔化成形过程介观尺度数值模拟

李新宇^1,2,3*;周永铧^1,2,3

1.合肥工业大学机械工程学院，合肥，230009
2.合肥工业大学机电产品低碳循环利用技术与装备安徽省重点实验室，合肥，230009
3.合肥工业大学机械工业绿色设计与制造重点实验室，合肥，230009

出版日期:2025-03-25 发布日期:2025-04-23
作者简介:李新宇*，男，1985 年生，副教授。研究方向为绿色制造、再制造与回收再资源化。E-mail：lixinyu@hfut.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划（2019YFC1908002）

Mesoscale Numerical Simulation of SLM Processes for Al-Mn-Sc-Zr

LI Xinyu^1,2,3*;ZHOU Yonghua^1,2,3

1.School of Mechanical Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei,230009
2.Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Recycling Technology and Equipment for
Mechanical and Electrical Products,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei,230009
3.Key Laboratory of Green Design and Manufacturing for Machinery Industry,Hefei University
of Technology,Hefei,230009

Online:2025-03-25 Published:2025-04-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 选区激光熔化（SLM）制造零件的微观结构和缺陷与SLM单/双熔道成形质量密切相关，实验方法难以在介观尺度下解释物理现象复杂的熔道成形规律。以铝锰钪锆合金为成形材料，建立SLM介观尺度下的单/双熔道数值模型，完成SLM单/双熔道成形实验并验证模型的准确性。借助数值模型研究SLM熔池演变的基本规律；研究在200~400 W的激光功率下，单熔道形貌、熔池温度与熔池尺寸等熔池特征随激光功率的变化规律，发现激光功率为360 W、扫描速度为1.0 m/s时，单熔道成形质量最好；研究在360 W的激光功率、1.0 m/s的扫描速度下，扫描间距为60 μm、80 μm和120 μm 时双熔道搭接行为、双熔道形貌演变规律，发现扫描间距为80 μm时双熔道成形质量好，成形效率高；结合多熔道SLM成形实验筛选出合适的体积能量密度（VED），在107~139 J/mm3的VED范围内，成形熔道连续、光滑。借助该模型可初步预测关键工艺参数，减少工艺参数优化成本。

关键词: 选区激光熔化, 铝锰钪锆合金, 体积能量密度, 熔池

Abstract: The microstructure and defects of parts produced by SLM were closely related to the quality of SLM single/double-track forming, and experimental methods were difficult to explain complex physical phenomena of track forming at mesoscale. Al-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy was used as forming material to establish a mesoscale numerical model for SLM single/double-track. SLM single/double-track forming experiments were conducted, and the accuracy of model was verified. Numerical model was employed to reveal the basic laws of SLM molten pool evolution. The variation of molten pool characteristics such as single-track morphology, molten pool temperature, and molten pool size was investigated with laser power ranging in 200~400 W. The best quality of single-track is achieved at a laser power of 360 W and a scanning speed of 1.0 m/s. The overlapping behavior and the evolution law of double-track at scanning speed of 1.0 m/s, the laser power of 360 W and the scanning distance of 60 μm, 80 μm and 120 μm were investigated. Results show good molding quality and high molding efficiency are reached with a scanning distance of 80 μm. Suitable VED is screened in combination with multi-track SLM experiments. In the VED range of 107~139 J/mm3, the multi-track is continuous and smooth. With the help of the model, key processing parameters may be initially predicted, and reduce the cost of processing parameter optimization.

Key words: selective laser melting（SLM）, Al-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy, volumetric energy density(VED), molten pool

中图分类号:

TG665

李新宇1, 2, 3, 周永铧1, 2, 3. 铝锰钪锆选区激光熔化成形过程介观尺度数值模拟[J]. 中国机械工程, 2025, 36(03): 584-592，603.

LI Xinyu1, 2, 3, ZHOU Yonghua1, 2, 3. Mesoscale Numerical Simulation of SLM Processes for Al-Mn-Sc-Zr[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 36(03): 584-592，603.

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https://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/Y2025/V36/I03/584

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铝锰钪锆选区激光熔化成形过程介观尺度数值模拟

Mesoscale Numerical Simulation of SLM Processes for Al-Mn-Sc-Zr

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