关键词: 微型汽车, 精细化多刚体模型, 翻滚性能, 耐撞性

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of the finite element model with accurate simulation results and long calculation time, the multi-rigid body model with short calculation time and inexact simulation results, a refined multi-rigid body model for the whole vehicles was proposed. The reliability of the refined multi-rigid body model was verified by the platform tumbling tests. By analyzing the intrusion amounts of the key structure on the top of the vehicles, the stress distribution, the transmission path of the forces during the collision processes and the specific energy absorption of each structure, the key structures of the vehicles under the tumbling conditions were determined, which were the A-pillar and the front-retaining beam. Through the establishment of the refined multi-rigid body model of the target vehicles, a tumbling crashworthiness optimization scheme was proposed based on the vehicle A-pillars and the front-retaining beam. The optimization results show that the total masses of the A-pillar and the front-retaining beam are decreased by 6.8%, the bending amount of the front-retaining beam is decreased by 17.1%, the energy absorption is increased by 15.5%, and the intrusion of the vehicles living spaces is decreased by 17.7%.

Key words: minivan, refined multi-rigid body model, tumbling characteristic, crashworthiness