液压支架激光熔覆不锈钢合金涂层的实验研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用激光熔覆技术在硅锰钢样件表面制备了不锈钢涂层，用SEM和能谱仪分析了基体与熔覆层界面以及熔覆层之间的微观组织及成分,开展了试样弯折和冲击强度测试实验。结果表明:在激光功率为6kW、扫描速度为8mm/s、光斑直径为5mm、搭接率30%的工艺条件下,基体与熔覆层界面以及熔覆层之间出现小亮带,形成冶金结合;熔覆方向垂直于观察面的覆层形貌呈蜂窝状,熔覆方向与观察面平行的覆层形貌呈竖直条状;在功率6kW、扫描速度16mm/s、光斑直径5mm、搭接率30%时,熔覆层与基体以及熔覆层之间会产生夹渣；熔覆层具有较好的韧性和冲击强度，熔覆后的试样的冲击强度提高了7.7%。

关键词: 激光技术, 激光熔覆, 不锈钢涂层, 显微组织

Abstract:

The stainless steel alloy coating was fabricated on the surface of silico-manganese steel specimen by laser cladding.The SEM and X-ray diffraction were used to analyze microstructure and composition of the clad layers.The bending and impact strength experiments were carried out on the clad specimen.The results show that the bright zone exits in the zone between clad layer and matrix or the zone between clad layers,which forms metallurgical bonding when the laser power is as 6kW,the scanning speed is as 8mm/s,the spot diameter is as 5mm and overlap rate is as 30%.The layer fabricated in the direction perpendicular to the observed surface shows honeycomb,and the layer fabricated in the direction parallel to the observed surface shows vertical bars.The slag inclusion forms in the zone between layers during laser cladding when the laser power is as 6kW,the scanning speed is as 16mm/s,the spot diameter is as 5mm and overlap rate is as 30%.The impact strength of the specimen increases by 7.7%, the clad layers have nice toughness and impact strength.

Key words: laser , technology;laser cladding;stainless , steel coating;microstructure

中图分类号:

TG156.99

申卫国, 方艳, 董玲, 岑虎, 王春娴, 顾振杰. 液压支架激光熔覆不锈钢合金涂层的实验研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2015, 26(18): 2533-2538.

Shen Weiguo, Fang Yan, Dong Ling, Cen Hu, Wang Chunxian, Gu Zhenjie. Experimental Study of Stainless Steel Alloy Coating Fabricated by Laser Cladding onto Hydraulic Support[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2015, 26(18): 2533-2538.

参考文献

[1]王鹏,吴成峰,赵峰,等.液压支架制造成本影响因素分析及优化[J].煤矿机械,2013,34(5):111-112.
Wang Peng,Wu Chengfeng,Zhao Feng,et al.Analysis and Optimization on Hydraulic Support Manufacturing Cost[J].Coal Mine Machinery,2013,34(5):111-112.
[2]佘永明.液压支架使用中主要问题分析[J].煤矿机械,2013,34(7):217-219.
She Yongming.Anaysis of Main Problems of Hydraulic Support in Application[J].Coal Mine Machinery,2013,34(7):217-219.
[3]王志华.液压支架立柱的腐蚀机理及其防护[J].矿山机械,2011,39(9):16-18.
Wang Zhihua.Corrosion Mechanism and Protection Techniques of Columns of Hydraulic Supports[J].Mine Machinery, 2011, 39(9): 16-18.
[4]李涤尘,贺健康,田小永,等.增材制造:实现宏微结构一体化制造[J].机械工程学报,2013,49(6):129-135.
Li Dichen,He Jiankang,Tian Xiaoyong,et al.Additive Manufacturing:Integrated Fabrication of Macro/Microstructures[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2013,49(6):129-135.
[5]李琦,李萍,薛克敏,等.纯铝粉末烧结体锥形件高压扭转有限元模拟及实验[J].中国机械工程,2010,21(11):1370-1373,1385.
Li Qi,Li Ping,Xue Kemin,et al.Finite Element Method and Experiments on High-pressure Torsion of Cone-shaped Part Prepared by Pure Al Powder Sintered Material[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2010,21(11):1370-1373,1385.
[6]缪宏,左敦稳,张敏,等.飞机起落架高强度钢内螺纹冷挤压成形金属流动规律研究[J].中国机械工程,2010,21(14):1714-1718.
Miu Hong,Zuo Dunwen,Zhang Min,et al.Research on Metal Flow of Internal Thread of High Strength Steel during Cold Extrusion for Aircraft Landing Gear[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2010,21(14):1714-1718.
[7]宋建丽,李永堂,邓琦林,等.激光熔覆成形技术的研究进展[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(14):29-39.
Song Jianli,Li Yongtang,Deng Qinlin,et al.Research Progress of Laser Cladding forming Technology[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2010,46(14):29-39.
[8]薄纪康.高压节流阀的冲蚀磨损机理及其激光熔覆再制造[J].中国机械工程,2015,26(2):255-259.
Bo Jikang.Erosion Wear Mechanism and Laser Cladding Remanufacturing of High-pressure Throttle Valves[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2015,26(2):255-259.
[9]王斌修,李成彪.激光熔覆技术研究现状及展望[J].机床与液压,2013,41(7):192-194.
Wang Binxiu,Li Chengbiao.Research Status and Prospects of Laser Cladding[J].Machine Tool & Hydraulics,2013,41(7):192-194.
[10]陈刚,黎向锋,左敦稳,等.基于有限元的激光熔覆凝固过程分析[J].中国机械工程,2012,23(4):468-473.
Chen Gang,Li Xiangfeng,Zuo Dunwen,et al.Solidification during Laser Cladding Process Based on Finite Element[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2012,23(4):468-473.
[11]王续跃,郭会茹,徐文骥,等.变送粉量法斜坡薄壁件的激光熔覆成形研究[J].中国机械工程,2011,22(6):701-705,714.
Wang Xuyue,Guo Huiru,Xu Wenji,et al.Laser Cladding Forming of Ramp thin Wall   with Variable Powder Feed Rate[J]. China Mechanical Engineering,201,22(6):701-705+714.
[12]张昌春,石岩.激光熔覆高厚度涂层技术研究现状及发展趋势[J].激光技术,2011,35(4):448-452.
Zhang Changchun,Shi Yan.Current Status and Development of High Thickness Coating by Laser Cladding Technology[J]. Laser Technology,2011,35(4):448-452.
[13]吴培桂,张光钧.激光多层熔覆技术的研究现状及发展[J].上海工程技术大学学报,2009,23(4):374-378.
Wu Peigui,Zhang Guangjun.Status and Development of Multi-layer Laser Cladding Technology[J].Journal of Shanghai University of Engineering Science,2009,23(4):374-378.
[14]胡围围,马继宇,康进武,等.激光多层熔覆成形温度场数值模拟和工艺优化[J].热加工工艺,2009,38(7):136-139.
Hu Weiwei,Ma Jiyu,Kang Jinwu,et al.Numerical Simulation of Temperature Field and Process Optimization in Multi-layer Laser Cladding Forming[J].Hot Working Technology,2009,38(7):136-139.
[15] Jendrzejewski R,Sliwinski G,Krawczuk M,et al.Temperature and Stress during Laser Cladding of Double-layer Coatings[J]. Surface & Coatings Technology,2006,201(6):3328-3334.
[16]陈静,张凤英,谭华,等.激光多层熔覆沉积预混合Ti-xAl-yV合金粉末在熔池中的熔化与偏析行为[J].中国激光, 2010, 37(8): 2154-2159.
Chen Jing,Zhang Fengying,Tan Hua,et al.Alloying Mechanics in Moving Melt Pool during Laser Solid Forming from Blended Elemental Powders[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2010,37(8):2154-2159.
[17]王东生,田宗军,张少伍,等.激光多层熔覆纳米陶瓷层工艺参数优化[J].材料保护,2012,45(2):38-40.
Wang Dongsheng,Tian Zongjun,Zhang Shaowu,et al.Optimization of Processing Parameters for   Preparing Laser Multi-cladding Nanostructured Ceramic Coating[J].Materials Protection,2012,45(2)：38-40．
[18]Ocelik V,de   Oliveira U,de Boer M,et al.Thick Co-based Coating on Cast Iron by Side Laser Cladding:Analysis of Processing Conditions and Coating Properties[J].Surface & Coatings Technology,2007,201(12):5875-5883.
[19]费群星,张雁,白凤民,等.激光多层熔覆FGH95高温合金的显微组织[J].金属热处理,2009,34(8):73-76.
Fei Qunxing,Zhang Yan,Bai Fengmin,et al.Microstructure of Multiple-layer Laser Clad FGH 95 Superalloy[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2009,34(8):73-76.
[20]王东生,田宗军,段宗银,等.压片预置式激光多层熔覆厚纳米陶瓷涂层结合性能[J].中国激光,2012,39(2):0203003-1-0203003-6.
Wang Dongsheng,Tian Zongjun,Duan Zongyin,et al.Bonding Strength of Thick Nanostructured   Ceramic Coating by Squash Presetting Type Laser Multi-layer Cladding[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2012,39(2):0203003-1-0203003-6.
[21]王东生,田宗军,王泾文,等.激光多层熔覆制备厚陶瓷涂层[J].焊接学报,2012,33(5):57-60.
Wang Dongsheng,Tian Zongjun,Wang Jingwen,et al.Experimental on Preparation of Thick Ceramic Coating by Laser Multi-layer Cladding[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2012,33(5):57-60.
[22]Desale G R,Paul C P,Gandhi B K,et al.Erosion Wear Behavior of Laser Clad Surfaces of Low Carbon Austenitic Steel[J]. Wear,2009,266(9/10):975-987.
[23]Masanta M   J,Ganesh P,Kaul R H,et al.Development of A Hard Nano-structured Multi-component Ceramic Coating by Laser Cladding[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2009,508(1/2):134-140.
[24]Sorn O L,Weisheit A E,Kelbassa I M,et al.Functionally Graded Multi-layers by Laser Cladding for Increased Wear and Corrosion Protection[J].Physics Procedia,2010,5(A):359-367.
[25]Montemor M F,Simoes A M,Carmezim M J,et al.Characterization of Rare-earth Conversion Film Formed on the AZ31 Magnesium Alloy and Its Relation with Corrosion Protection[J].Applied Surface Science,2007,253(16):6922-6931.
[26]王东生,田宗军,沈理达,等.激光熔覆技术研究现状及其发展[J].应用激光,2012,32(6):538-544.
Wang Dongsheng,Tian Zongjun,Shen Lida,et al.Research Status and Development of Laser Cladding Technology[J].Applied Laser,2012,32(6):38-544.
[27]李春香. 316L及420不锈钢粉末温压工艺研究[D]. 长沙: 中南大学, 2008.