风力机专用翼型综合优化设计方法

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了得到拥有优良气动特性且低噪声水平的风力机专用翼型的轮廓线，提出了翼型多工况点多目标综合优化设计方法。该方法应用Bezier曲线对翼型的轮廓线进行参数化表达，并推导出由翼型离散数据点反求Bezier曲线控制点的一般方程。基于翼型噪声预测半经验模型，采用XFOIL计算翼型的气动性能，结合遗传优化算法得到优化翼型。以美国NREL风力机翼型S834为初始翼型，对多工况多目标权重分配方案进行综合设计。研究表明，相对于初始翼型，优化翼型在主攻角范围具有更好的气动性能和声学性能。

关键词: 噪声, 风力机翼型, Bezier曲线, 优化设计, 升阻比, 气动性能

Abstract:

The wind turbine airfoil aerodynamic and noise performace were considered as optimization design target at the same time, then a design method was established for multi operating points and targets. Parametric model of airfoil contour was constructed by using Bezier curves, and the general equtions for control points coordinate were deduced according to airfoil discrete data points. Based on semi empirical airfoil noise prediction model the dynamic performance of airfoil was calculated by using XFOIL, then the optimized airfoil was obtained by combining the genetic algorithm. Taking USA NREL wind turbine airfoil S834 as intital airfoil, weight assignment scheme was designed comprehensively. The results show that comparing to initial airfoil the noise of optimized one is reduced and the lift drag ratios are increased under the main angle range, therefore better aerodynamics and acustic performance are abtained for new airfoil.

Key words: noise, wind turbine airfoil, Bezier curve, optimization design, lift to drag ratio, aerodynamic performance

中图分类号:

TK83

陈亚琼, 方跃法, 郭盛, 温如凤. 风力机专用翼型综合优化设计方法[J]. 中国机械工程, 2015, 26(9): 1194-1200.

Chen Yaqiong, Fang Yuefa, Guo Sheng, Wen Rufeng. Design Methods of Comprehesive Optimization of Wind Turbine Airfoils[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2015, 26(9): 1194-1200.

参考文献

[1]Amano R, Avdeev I, Malloy R, et al. Power, Structural and Noise Performance Tests on Different Wind Turbine Rotor Blade Designs[J]. International Journal of Sustainable Energy, 2013, 32(6): 78-95.
[2]Selig M S,McGranahan B D. Wind Tunnel Aerodynamic Tests of Six Airfoils for Use on Small Wind Turbines[J]．ASME Journal of Solar Energy Engineering，2004，126(3)：986-1001．
[3]Tangle J L, Somers D M. NREL Airfoil Families for HAWT’s[C]//Proc. WINDPOWER’95. Washington D C, 1995：117-123.
[4]Cheng Jiangtao, Zhu Weijun, Fischer Andreas, et al. Design and Validation of the High Performance and Low Noise CQU-DTU-LN1 Airfoils[J]. Wind Energy,2014,17:1817-1883.
[5]陈进，程江涛, Shen Wenzhong,等. 基于表面曲率连续性的风力机翼型改进设计研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2013, 34(4):547-554.
Chen Jin, Cheng Jiangtao, Shen Wenzhong, et al. Research on Improved Design of Airfoil Profiles Based on the Continuity of Airfoil Surface Curvature of Wind Turbines[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2013, 34(4):547-554.
[6]琚亚平，张楚华. 基于人工神经网络与遗传算法的风力机翼型优化设计方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2009, 29(20):106-111.
Ju Yaping, Zhang Chuhua. Optimal Design Method for Wind Turbine Airfoil Based on Artificial Neural Network Model and Genetic Algorithm[J].Proceedings of the CSEE ,2009, 29(20):106-111.
[7]Kharal A, Saleem A.Neural Networks Based Airfoil Generation for a Given Cp Using Bezier-PARSEC Parameterization[J]. Aerospace Science and Technology, 2012, 23:330-344.
[8]朱国俊，冯建军，郭鹏程,等. 基于径向基神经网络-遗传算法的海流能水轮机叶片翼型优化[J]. 农业工程学报，2014, 30(8)：65-73.
Zhu Guojun, Feng Jianjun, Guo Pengcheng, et al. Optimization of Hydrofoil for Marine Current Turbine Based on Radial Basis Function Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2014, 30(8)：65-73.
[9]李仁年, 袁尚科, 赵子琴,等. 尾缘改型对风力机翼型性能的影响研究[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2012, 30(5):646-652.
Li Rennian, Yuan Shangke, Zhao Ziqin, et al. Research on the Effect of Trail-edge Improvement on Airfoils Performance for Wind Turbine[J]. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica, 2012, 30(5):646-652.
[10]刘雄，罗文博，陈严,等.风力机翼型气动噪声优化设计研究[J].机械工程学报,2011,47(14):134-139.
Liu Xiong, Luo Wenbo, Chen Yan, et al. Research on the Aerodynamic Noise Optimization of Wind Turbine Airfoil[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2011,47(14):134-139.
[11]王旭东, 陈进, 王立存,等. 通用风力机翼型型线的表面粗糙度敏感性研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2011,22(13):1588-1590.
Wang Xudong, Chen Jin, Wang Licun, et al. Study on Roughess Sensitivity of Genreal Profiles for Wind Turbine Airfoils[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2011,22(13):1588-1590.
[12]马林静，陈江，杜刚,等. 风力机翼型气动特性数值模拟[J]. 太阳能学报，2010,31(2):203-209.
Ma Linjing, Chen Jiang, Du Gang, et al. Numerical Simulation of Aerodynamic Performance for Wind Turbine Airfoils[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2010,31(2):203-209.
[13]Song Qiyue, William D L. Design and Testing of a New Small Wind Turbine Blade[J]. Journal of Solar Energy Engineering ASME, 2014, 136:034502.
[14]Brooks T F, Pope D S, Maroolim M A. Airfoil Self-noise and Prediction[M]. Hampton,Virginia:National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1989.
[15]Zhu Weijun,Heilskov N, Shen Wenzhong, et al. Modeling of Aerodynamically Generated Noise from Wind Turbines[J]. Jouranl of Solar Energy Engineering, 2005, 127(4):517-528.