基于误差模型的三轴联动加工轨迹预补偿方法

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了减小由于进给系统动态特性造成的多轴联动加工轮廓误差，提出了一种基于轮廓误差模型的三轴联动加工轨迹预补偿方法。首先建立了关于轨迹曲率、加工速率及进给系统动态特性参数的轮廓误差模型；然后根据读取的插补数据，利用轮廓误差模型实时预测三轴联动加工过程中的轮廓误差补偿向量并对加工轨迹指令进行补偿；最后通过对圆、变曲率和螺旋线轨迹的MATLAB仿真和机床加工实验，证明该补偿方法将轮廓误差减小了85%以上，可显著提高数控机床加工精度。

关键词: 轮廓误差, 多轴联动, 误差补偿, 误差模型, 动态特性

Abstract:

To reduce the contour errors in multi-axis machining caused by the dynamic characteristics of feed system, a new path pre-compensation method was proposed. In the new method, a contour error model was built to calculate the compensation vector by reading the interpolation data of the CNC system in real time. Simulations and experiments were carried out for the compensation of circle, variable curvature trajectory and helix machining. The results indicate that the new method proposed herein can compensate more than 85% contour errors caused by the dynamic characteristics of the feeding system in 2-axis and 3-axis machining and the accuracy of multi-axis machining of the machine tool is improved significantly.

Key words: contour error, multi-axis machining, error compensation, error model, dynamic characteristics

中图分类号:

TP276

李学伟, 赵万华, 卢秉恒. 基于误差模型的三轴联动加工轨迹预补偿方法[J]. 中国机械工程, 2014, 25(21): 2918-2924.

Li Xuewei, Zhao Wanhua, Lu Bingheng. A Tool Path Pre-compensation Method for 3-axis Machining Using Contour Error Model[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2014, 25(21): 2918-2924.

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