中国机械工程 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (08): 960-966.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2021.08.010

• 先进材料加工工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

电火花沉积电极材料过渡机制及规律

徐安阳1;王晓明1;朱胜1;韩国峰1;赵阳1;郭迎春2   

  1. 1.陆军装甲兵学院装备再制造技术国防科技重点实验室,北京,100072
    2.中国人民解放军32180部队,北京,100000
  • 出版日期:2021-04-25 发布日期:2021-05-10
  • 通讯作者: 王晓明(通信作者),男,1978年生,副研究员、博士。研究方向为轻合金表面防护、增材再制造、复合能场成形。E-mail:uwangxm@126.com。
  • 作者简介:徐安阳,1981年生,博士。研究方向为电火花加工、电火花沉积、表面工程、增材再制造等。E-mail:xuanyang207@nuaa.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2018YFB1105800);
    中国博士后科学基金(2017M623445);
    东北大学航空动力装备振动及控制教育部重点实验室研究基金(VCAME201706)

Transition Mechanism and Law of Electrode Materials of ESD

XU Anyang1;WANG Xiaoming1;ZHU Sheng1;HAN Guofeng1;ZHAO Yang1;GUO Yingchun2   

  1. 1.National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing,Army Academy of Armored Forces,Beijing,100072
    2.Unit 32180 of the Chinese Peoples Liberation Army,Beijing,100000
  • Online:2021-04-25 Published:2021-05-10

摘要: 利用旋转电极电火花沉积装置,在Q235钢表面逐层沉积1至6层铜合金涂层,计算分析了每层沉积厚度、过渡形态、表面和截面形貌,探讨了电火花沉积电极材料的过渡机制、形态和规律。结果表明:工件和电极的质量变化曲线相似,随着沉积层数的增加,质量变化量减少直至趋于稳定;沉积层以熔融物质团(液态、半固态)的形态过渡沉积生成,电极与工件材料在沉积层与基体界面处互相渗透,生成厚约20~30 μm的过渡层;工件材料对沉积层的稀释作用主要发生在过渡物质团结合处,对其内部影响极小,且随着沉积层数的增加而减小,沉积层由多层电极材料覆盖叠压构成;随着沉积层数的增大,放电能量利用率降低,单次沉积厚度降低,电极对沉积表面的磨削涂覆作用增大,电极材料沉积率有所下降。

关键词: 电火花沉积, 铜合金, 材料过渡, 冶金结合, 沉积层, 熔融物质团

Abstract: A rotating electrode ESD device was used to deposit 1 to 6 layers of copper alloy coating layer by layer on the surface of Q235 steel. The deposition thickness, transition topography, surface and cross-sectional topography  of each layer were calculated and analyzed. The transition mechanism, topography  and law of the electrode materials of ESD were studied. Results show that the mass variation curve of the workpiece is similar to that of the electrode. As the number of deposition layers increases, the mass variation decreases until it is stable. The deposition layers are formed by transitional deposition of molten mass topography(liquid, semi-solid).The electrode and the workpiece material penetrate each other at the interface between the deposition layer and the substrate, forming a transition layer with a thickness of about 20~30 μm. The dilution effect of the workpiece material on the deposition layer mainly occurs at the junction of transition material group, which has minimal influence on its interior, and reduces with the increasing of the number of deposition layers. The deposition layers are formed by the lamination and coating of multilayer electrode metarial. As the number of deposition layers increases, the utilization rate of discharge energy decreases, the thickness of single deposition decreases, the grinding and coating effect of the electrode on the deposited surface increases, and the deposition rate of electrode material decreases.

Key words: electro spark deposition(ESD), copper alloy, material transition, metallurgical bonding, deposition layer, molten mass

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