装配参数对附件机匣锥齿轮破裂故障的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对航空发动机附件机匣锥齿轮由装配偏差引起的破裂故障，采用行波共振原理和有限元法，对锥齿轮进行模态分析和静应力计算，分析了啮合锥齿轮的齿轮间隙和主动锥齿轮垂直安装角度对主动锥齿轮齿根应力的影响。仿真与试验结果分析表明：主动锥齿轮结构具有一节径和二节径振型，模态频率与试验误差小于2.5%；齿轮装配间隙对齿根应力影响较小，装配工艺的要求相对合理；主动锥齿轮安装角度偏差对齿根应力影响较大，因此需要严格控制角度偏差。主动锥齿轮断齿金相组织形态及其破裂特征分析表明，锥齿轮的破裂类型为疲劳断裂，断口具有节径型振动疲劳断裂特征。

关键词: 装配参数, 航空发动机, 锥齿轮, 破裂故障

Abstract:

Aiming at the rupture failures of bevel gears of aero engine accessory cases caused by assembly deviations, traveling wave resonance principle and finite element method were carried out to calculate the mode and static stress of the bevel gears. The influences of gear backlash and vertical installation angle deviations on the root stress of the driving bevel gear were discussed. Simulation and test results show that the driving bevel gear structure includes 1 node-diameter and 2 node-diameter vibration modes. The errors between modal frequency simulation and test are less than 2.5%. The gear backlash has less effect on the root stress. The great influence caused by the installation angle deviations of the driving bevel gears is validated. Thus, the installation angle deviations should be strictly controlled. The analysis of the metallographic structure and fracture characteristics of the driving bevel gears show that the fracture type of the bevel gears is fatigue fracture, and the fracture has the characteristics of nodal-diameter vibration fatigue fracture.
assembly parameter; aeroengine; bevel gear; rupture failure

中图分类号:

V232.8

栾孝驰1,2;沙云东1;郭小鹏3;杨帝思4;马侹1,4. 装配参数对附件机匣锥齿轮破裂故障的影响[J]. 中国机械工程.

LUAN Xiaochi1,2;SHA Yundong1;GUO Xiaopeng3;YANG Disi4;MA Ting1,4. Influences of Assembly Parameters on Rupture Failure of Accessory Casing Bevel Gears[J]. China Mechanical Engineering.

参考文献

[1]DAWSON P H. Effect of Metallic Contact on the Pitting of Lubricated Rolling Surfaces[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 1962, 4(1): 16-21.

[2]HANDSCHUH R F, POLLY J, MORALES W. Gear Mesh Loss-of-lubrication Experiments and Analytical Simulation[C]∥67th American Helicopter Society International Annual Forum. Virginia Beach, 2011: 2412-2421.

[3]YOGESH P, ANAND P. Simulation of Crack Propagation in Spur Gear Tooth for Different Gear Parameter and Its Influence on Mesh Stiffness[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2013, 30(30):124-137.

[4]崔伟成, 许爱强, 李伟, 等. 局部特征尺度分解结合局部均值解调的齿轮故障诊断[J]. 中国机械工程, 2016, 27(24): 3332-3337.

CUI Weicheng, XU Aiqiang, LI Wei, et al. Gear Fault Diagnosis Based on LCD and LME Demodulation Approach[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2016, 27(24): 3332-3337.

[5]李福益, 廖学军, 蔡显新. 某型涡扇发动机中下垂直锥齿轮辐板断裂排故试验研究[J]. 航空发动机, 2003, 29(2): 16-20.

LI Fuyi, LIAO Xuejun, CAI Xianxin. Troublshooting for Cone Gear Spoke Fracture in Typical Turbofan[J]. Aeroengine, 2003, 29(2): 16-20.

[6]许锷俊, 梁世昌, 常春江, 等. 中央传动锥齿轮共振破坏的实验研究[J]. 航空动力学报, 1988(3):193-198.

XU Ejun, LIANG Shichang, CHANG Chunjiang,et al. Bevel Gear Resonance Failures in Central Gearing System of an Aeroengine[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 1988(3):193-198.

[7]王大勇. 航空薄辐板齿轮固有特性及稳态响应分析[J]. 机械传动, 2016, 40(5): 145-147.

WANG Dayong. Inherent Characteristic and Steady Response Analysis of Aviation Gear with Thin-spoke[J]. Journal of Mechanical Transmission, 2016, 40(5): 145-147.

[8]李其汉, 晏砺堂, 赵福安. 盘形锥齿轮振动特性和故障分析[J]. 航空学报, 1987, 8(10): 482-487.

LI Qihan, YAN Litang, ZHAO Fuan. The Analysis for Lateral Vibration Characteristics and Faults of Bevel Gear[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 1987, 8(10): 482-487.

[9]晏砺堂, 李其汉. 盘形锥齿轮的横向振动特性分析[J]. 航空动力学报, 1988, 3(3): 199-202.

YAN Litang, LI Qihan. Analysis of Lateral Vibration of a Bevel Gear[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 1988, 3(3): 199-202.

[10]郭星辉, 鄂中凯, 陈良玉, 等. 弧齿锥齿轮波动应力分析[J]. 东北工学院学报, 1993, 14(5): 464-467.

GUO Xinghui,E Zhongkai, CHEN Liangyu, et al. Analysis of Spiral Bevel Gear Fluctuation Stress[J]. Journal of Northeastern Institute of Technology, 1993, 14(5): 464-467.

[11]韩二中, 郭星辉, 颜世英, 等. 圆锥齿轮行波共振应力响应仿真计算[J]. 航空动力学报, 1988, 3(3): 207-210.

HAN Erzhong, GOU Xinhui, YAN Shiying,et al. Simulating Calculations for Stress Responses of Travelling Wave Resonance in Bevel Gear[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 1988, 3(3): 207-210.

[12]彭毓敏, 马超, 栾忠权, 等. 多因素条件下单级齿轮系统的非线性特性[J]. 中国机械工程, 2018, 29(8): 937-942.

PENG Yumin, MA Chao, LUAN Zhongquan, et al. Nonlinear Characteristic of Single Stage Gear System under Condition of Multiple Factors[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2018, 29(8): 937-942.

[13]刘光磊, 樊红卫, 谷霁红, 等. 航空弧齿锥齿轮低噪声和低安装误差敏感性设计[J]. 航空发动机, 2010, 36(2): 9-12.

LIU Guanglei, FAN Hongwei, GU Jihong, et al. Sensitivity Design of Low Noise and Installation Error for Aero Spiral Bevel Gear[J]. Aeroengine, 2010, 36(2): 9-12.

[14]刘光磊, 张瑞庭, 赵宁, 等. 安装误差对航空弧齿锥齿轮传动误差曲线的影响分析[J]. 航空发动机, 2012, 38(2): 32-35.

LIU Guanglei, ZHANG Ruiting, ZHAO Ning, et al.Effect of Installation Error on Transmission Error Curve for Aero Spiral Bevel Gears[J]. Aeroengine, 2012, 38(2): 32-35.

[15]刘笑天, 蒋超奇, 江丙云, 等. ANSYS Workbench 有限元分析工程实例详解[M]. 北京: 中国铁道出版社, 2017: 191-197.

LIU Xiaotian, JIANG Chaoqi, JIANG Bingyun, et al. The Engineering Example Details of ANSYS Workbench Finite Element Analysis[M]. Beijing: China Railway Publishing House, 2017:191-197.

[16]刘天文. 某型航空发动机中心锥齿轮动力学特性研究[D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学, 2015: 23-45.

LIU Tianwen. Dynamic Characteristics Research of the Central Bevel Gear in an Aero-engine[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2015: 23-45.