列车车体SUS301L-HT不锈钢动态力学性能及其对结构吸能特性的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对SUS301L-HT不锈钢材料分别进行了准静态拉伸试验和动态冲击拉伸试验，以获得不同应变率下的材料本构关系。为准确地描述SUS301L-HT不锈钢材料的动态力学性能，采用了列表插值法，并通过对比有限元对标和试验数据来验证该方法的可靠性。以典型薄壁吸能结构为载体，采用2种材料参数，对比分析了SUS301L-HT不锈钢材料的动态力学性能对结构吸能特性的影响。研究结果表明：SUS301L-HT不锈钢具有明显的应变率强化效应，随着应变率的增大，材料的塑性硬化能力降低，表现出明显的温度软化效应；列表插值法相比动态本构模型能更好地描述SUS301L-HT不锈钢的动态力学性能，且采用列表插值法得到的结果与试验结果、有限元结果均有良好的一致性；列车碰撞的应变率属于中低应变率范围，对于SUS301L-HT不锈钢制成的车体吸能结构，考虑应变率效应的结构的实际吸能量要比不考虑应变率效应的相同结构的吸能量高，但初始峰值力相对较大。

关键词: SUS301L-HT不锈钢, 动态力学性能, 应变率, 列表插值法, 能量

Abstract: The quasi-static tension tests and dynamic impact tension tests of SUS301L-HT stainless steels were carried out respectively to obtain the material constitutive relations under different strain rates. The tabular interpolation method was adopted to accurately describe the dynamic mechanics properties of SUS301L-HT stainless steels, and the reliability of this method was verified by the comparisons of finite element solutions and test data. Taking the typical thin-walled structures as the carriers, the influences of the material dynamic mechanics properties on energy absorption characteristics were investigated by using two kinds of material parameters. The research results show that the SUS301L-HT stainless steel exhibits obvious strain rate hardening effectiveness, with the increasing of strain rates, the plasticity hardening ability of the material decreases, which presents distinct temperature softening effectiveness. The dynamic mechanics properties of SUS301L-HT stainless steel may be described more accurately by the tabular interpolation method than by the dynamic constitutive models, and the results obtained by tabular interpolation method are in good agreement with the test and numerical results. The strain rates of train collisions belong to the range of low-middle strain rates. For the energy absorption structures made of the SUS301L-HT stainless steel, the practical absorbed energy of the structures considering the strain rate effectiveness is higher than that of the same structures without considering the strain rate effectiveness, but the initial peak force is relatively high.

Key words: SUS301L-HT stainless steel, dynamic mechanics property, strain rate, tabular interpolation method, energy

中图分类号:

陈书剑1;程迪2;肖守讷1;朱涛1;阳光武1;杨冰1;冯悦1. 列车车体SUS301L-HT不锈钢动态力学性能及其对结构吸能特性的影响[J]. 中国机械工程.

CHEN Shujian1;CHENG Di2;XIAO Shoune1;ZHU Tao1;YANG Guangwu1;YANG Bing1;FENG Yue1. Dynamic Mechanics Properties of SUS301L-HT Stainless Steel Used in Carbodies of Trains and Effects on Energy Absorption Characteristics of Structures[J]. China Mechanical Engineering.

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