基于T-Map的飞机部件交点轴线公差转化方法

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对装配过程装配方案改变后，基准变换致使几何公差变化的问题，以飞机部件装配中的交点装配为研究对象，提出基于公差图(T-Map)的公差转化方法。根据交点轴线的变动建立交点轴线的T-Map公差模型；通过基准变换前后几何尺寸及公差(GD＆T)关系构建交点轴线的基准变换模型，在此基础上，重构基准变换后交点轴线的T-Map；对变换后的交点轴线T-Map进行累积，构建交点轴线叠加T-Map(ST-Map)，分析基准变换前T-Map与ST-Map的二维空间域的关系，得到ST-Map最小约束条件，并以不同自由度约束下的最大公差值为判据，获得基于T-Map的交点轴线公差转化关系。最后，引入实例进行公差转化的求解，并与基于特征公差尺寸链的传统公差转化方法进行了比较。

关键词: 飞机, 装配, 公差, 基准, 公差图

Abstract: To solve geometric tolerance changes caused by the datum transformations after the assembly processes were changed, a tolerance conversion method was proposed based on T-Map for the intersection axes of aircraft components. The T-Map tolerance models of the intersection axis were established according to the variation of intersection axis. The datum transformation model of the intersection axes were constructed by the geometric dimension and tolerance(GD&T) relationships before and after datum transformation, the T-Map of the intersection axes after the datum transformation was reconstructed based on the datum transformation model. Then, a stacking tolerance-map(ST-Map) was constructed from the transformed T-Map accumulation. The relationship between the two-dimensional spatial domain of ST-Map and T-Map before datum transformation was analyzed to obtain the minimum constraints of ST-Map, and the maximum tolerance value of the constraints with different degrees of freedom was determined to obtain the tolerance conversion relationships based on the intersection axes of T-Map. Finally, an example was introduced to solve the tolerance conversion and compared with the traditional tolerance conversion method based on size chain with feature tolerance.

Key words: aircraft, assembly, tolerance, datum, tolerance-map（T-Map）

中图分类号:

V262.4

肖欢1，2；朱永国1；刘春锋3；周结华4. 基于T-Map的飞机部件交点轴线公差转化方法[J]. 中国机械工程.

XIAO Huan1，2；ZHU Yongguo1；LIU Chunfeng3；ZHOU Jiehua4. Tolerance Conversion of Aircraft Component Intersection Axes Based on T-Map[J]. China Mechanical Engineering.

参考文献

[1]朱永国. 飞机大部件自动对接若干关键技术研究[D]. 南京：南京航空航天大学, 2011.
ZHU Yongguo. Research on Some Key Techniques on Aircraft Large Part Automatic joining[D]. Nanjing： Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2011.
[2]DESROCHERS A. A CAD/CAM Presentation Model Applied to Tolerance Transfer Methods[J]. Journal of Mechanical Design, 2003, 125(1):14-22.
[3]THIMM G, LIN J. Redimensioning Parts for Manufacturability: a Design Rewriting System[J]. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2005, 26(4):399-404.
[4]LOUATI J, AYADI B, BOUAZIZ Z, et al. Three-dimensional Modelling of Geometric Defaults to Optimize a Manufactured Part Setting[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2006, 29(3/4):342-348.
[5]CAUX M, ANSELMETTI B. 3D ISO Manufacturing Specifications with Vectorial Representation of Tolerance Zones[J]. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2012, 60(5/8):577-588.
[6]ANSELMETTI B. ISO Manufacturing Tolerancing: Three Dimensional Transfer with Analysis Line Method[J]. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2012, 61(9/12):1085-1099.
[7]胡洁, 吴昭同. 面向装配的变动几何约束网络的生成方法研究[J]. 计算机辅助设计与图形学报,2002,10(1):79-82.
HU Jie, WU Zhaotong. Methods for Generation of Variational Geometric Constraints Network for Assembly[J]. Journal of Computer-Aided Design and Computer Graphics,2002, 10(1):79-82 .
[8]张开富,杨海成,李原. 基于有向图的零件容差建模方法[J]. 计算机集成制造系统,2005,12(9):1234-1238.
ZHANG Kaifu, YANG Haicheng, LI Yuan. Tolerance Modeling Approach to Part Based on Directed Graph[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems, 2005,12(9):1234-1238.
[9]胡伟, 刘检华, 蒋科,等. 基于三维模型的航天器装配精度预测方法[J]. 计算机集成制造系统, 2013, 19(5):990-999.
HU Wei, LIU Jianhua, JIANG Ke, et al. Assembly Precision Prediction Method for Spacecraft Based on 3D Model[J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Sytems, 2013, 19(5):990-999.
[10]鲍强伟, 樊友高, 丁晓宇,等. 基于信息单元的装配公差链自动生成技术[J]. 计算机辅助设计与图形学学报, 2016, 28(11):1989-1999.
BAO Qiangwei, FAN Yougao, DING Xiaoyu, et al. A Method of Automatic Generation of Assembly Dimension Chains Based on Information Cells[J]. Journal of Computer-Aided Design and Computer Graphics, 2016, 28(11):1989-1999.
[11]鲍强伟, 丁晓宇, 刘检华,等. 基于公差变动域的几何公差转化技术[J]. 计算机集成制造系统, 2017, 23(2):225-235.
BAO Qiangwei, DING Xiaoyu, LIU Jianhua, et al. Conversion of Geometric Tolerance Based on the Variation of Tolerance Zone[J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Sytems, 2017, 23(2):225-235.
[12]DAVIDSON J K, MUJEZINOVI A, SHAH J J. A New Mathematical Model for Geometric Tolerances as Applied to Round Faces[J]. Journal of Mechanical Design, 2003, 124(4):609-622.
[13]BHIDE S, AMETA G, DAVIDSON J K, et al. Tolerance-maps Applied to the Straightness and Orientation of an Axis[J]. Models for Computer Aided Tolerancing in Design and Manufacturing, 2007,8(1):45-54.
[14]JIANG K, DAVIDSON J K, LIU J, et al. Using Tolerance Maps to Validate Machining Tolerances for Transfer of Cylindrical Datum in Manufacturing Process[J]. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2014, 73(1/4):465-478.
[15]盛庆红, 陈姝文, 秦坤,等. 利用Plücker直线的点云与立体影像配准[J]. 计算机辅助设计与图形学学报, 2016, 28(3):450-455.
SHENG Qinghong, CHEN Shuwen, QIN Kun, et al. Registration of Stereo Images with Point Clouds Using Plücker Line[J]. Journal of Computer-Aided Design and Computer Graphics, 2016, 28(3):450-455.
[16]李欣, 于乃辉, 曹玉君,等. 基于状态空间模型的航天器装配角偏误差研究[J]. 国防科技大学学报, 2014,36(1):104-109.
LI Xin, YU Naihui, CAO Yujun, et al. Angular Variation Analysis of Spacecraft Assembly Based on State Space Model[J]. Journal of National University of Defense Technology, 2014,36(1):104-109.