水平井钻柱涡动特性数值分析与试验

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 根据转子动力学和流体力学理论，建立了水平井钻柱涡动的动力学方程，分析了钻柱自重、井壁摩阻、钻井液流速等因素对水平井钻柱涡动的影响规律，阐释了诱发水平钻柱涡动产生的机理及边界条件。基于自主研制的水平井钻柱动力学试验装置，采用数值模拟和试验研究相结合的方法，分析了钻压、转速、流体速度等参数对钻柱涡动轨迹和涡动速度的影响规律。研究结果表明：在钻柱的远钻头段不会发生涡动，但是转速达到阈值后，近钻头段便会出现涡动现象，并且随着钻压和转速的增加，其涡动轨迹幅值也在增大；而近钻头段的涡动方向并不是始终如一的，存在正反两个方向的涡动，并且随着转速的增大，还会出现“半频涡动”现象；另外，钻井液的存在及其流动速度的增大都不会改变钻柱现有的运动状态，仅小幅增加其运动范围。研究成果对水平井钻井工艺参数的选定有一定的借鉴作用。

关键词: 水平井, 动力学, 涡动, 钻柱

Abstract: The dynamics equation of drillstring in horizontal well was established based on rotor dynamics and fluid mechanics, and the influences of drillstring weight, the friction resistance of borehole wall, the flow rate of drilling fluid and the hydraulic resistance on the drillstring whirling in horizontal wells were analyzed through the numerical simulation and the experimental apparatus. Furthermore, the mechanism of the horizontal drillstring whirling and the boundary conditions were explained. The results show that there will be no whirling away from the bit, however, the whirling occurs at the drillstring bottoms in horizontal wells. With the increases of weight on bit and the rotational speed of drillstring, the amplitudes of the whirling increase, and the drillstring at the bottom has a forward whirling and backward whirling after the rotational speed exceeds the threshold. The semi-frequency whirling will occur with continuous increases of the rotational speeds. In addition, the current motion status of drillstring will not be changed by the existence of drilling fluid with different flow rates. The research results hold lessons for optimizing drilling parameters in horizontal wells.

Key words: horizontal well, dynamics, whirl, drillstring

中图分类号:

O3139

王宝金1;任福深1;朱安贺2;赵蕾3. 水平井钻柱涡动特性数值分析与试验[J]. 中国机械工程.

WANG Baojin1;REN Fushen1;ZHU Anhe2;ZHAO Lei3. Numerical Analysis and Experiments of Whirl Characteristics in Horizontal Drillstrings[J]. China Mechanical Engineering.

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