阀芯结构对双流体喷雾粒子特性的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了研究阀芯结构对双流体喷雾粒子特性的影响，提升喷雾效果，运用相位多普勒粒子分析仪（PDPA）对不同阀芯结构的双流体喷雾雾滴粒径、轴向速度以及雾滴数目进行了测试，并对测量结果进行了分析和讨论。结果表明：随着轴向距离的增大，雾滴索特平均直径(SMD)、算术平均直径(AMD)呈先增大后趋于平缓的趋势，轴向速度以及湍流脉动速度均呈减小趋势，雾滴数目呈先增大后减小的趋势；随着气液压力比的增大，SMD呈先增大后减小的趋势，而AMD、轴向速度以及雾滴数目均呈减小趋势；阀芯的喉口直径、出口直径的减小均有利于喷雾效果的提升，但同时导致速度稳定性变差；当喉口直径为1.5mm、出口直径为2.5mm时，与原始阀芯结构相比，雾滴数目和雾滴轴向速度分别增大了82.43%和22.31%，SMD和AMD分别减小了52.18%和21.47%，综合喷雾效果得到了大幅提升。

关键词: 双流体喷雾, 相位多普勒粒子分析仪, 阀芯结构, 雾滴粒径, 湍流脉动速度

Abstract: In order to study the effects of spool structure on droplet characteristics of two-fluid spray and improve the spray effects, the droplet diameters, droplet axial velocities and droplet numbers of two-fluid spray under different spool structures were measured with phase Doppler particle analyzer(PDPA). According to the test results, the droplet characteristics were analyzed and discussed systematically. The test results indicate that spool structures have a great influence on droplet characteristics. With the axial distance increase, the Sauter mean diameter(SMD) and the arithmetic mean diameter(AMD) of droplet increase first and then remain constant, the droplet axial velocity and turbulent fluctuation velocity decrease, the droplet numbers increase first and then decrease. With the air-water pressure ratio increase, SMD increases first and then decreases, but AMD, droplet axial velocity and droplet numbers decrease. Moreover, the decrease of throat diameter and outlet diameter of spool structure are benefit for improving the spray effectiveness, but it is disadvantage to the stability of speed. It has a good spray effectiveness when the throat diametera is as 1.5mm and the spool outlet diameter is as 2.5mm. Compared with the original spool structure， the droplet numbers and droplet axial velocity increase by 82.43% and 22.31%, the SMD and AMD decrease by 52.18% and 21.47% respectively, the comprehensive spray effectiveness has a great improvement.

Key words: two-fluid spray, phase Doppler particle analyzer, spool structure, droplet diameter, turbulent fluctuation velocity

中图分类号:

TH136
S491

杨超, 陈波, 姜万录, 高殿荣. 阀芯结构对双流体喷雾粒子特性的影响[J]. 中国机械工程.

YANG Chao, CHEN Bo, JIANG Wanlu, GAO Dianrong. Effects of Spool Structure on Droplet Characteristics of Two-fluid Spray[J]. China Mechanical Engineering.

参考文献

[1]HEDE P D, BACH P, JENSEN A D. Two-fluid Spray Atomisation and Pneumatic Nozzles for Fluid Bed Coating/agglomeration Purposes: a Review[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2008, 63(14): 3821-3842.
[2]刘红威, 王飞. 井下细水雾防灭火技术应用现状及发展趋势[J]. 煤炭科学技术, 2015, 43(10): 86-92.
LIU Hongwei, WANG Fei. Application Status and Development Tendency of Fire Prevention and Extinguishing Technology with Water Mist in Underground Mine[J]. Coal Science and Technology, 2015, 43(10): 86-92.
[3]丁红元, 刘芬, 黄荣华, 等. 直喷汽油机多孔喷油器喷嘴内部流动数值模拟[J]. 农业机械学报, 2013, 44(3): 6-11.
DING Hongyuan, LIU Fen, HUANG Ronghua, et al. Numerical Simulation of Nozzle Flow in GDI Multi-hole Injector[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2013, 44(3): 6-11.
[4]马双忱, 柴峰, 吴文龙, 等. 脱硫废水烟道蒸发工艺影响因素实验研究[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2015, 38(12Q): 297-301.
MA Shuangchen, CHAI Feng, WU Wenlong, et al. Experimental Research on Influencing Factors of Flue Evaporation Treatment for Desulfurization Wastewater[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2015, 38(12Q): 297-301.
[5]王军锋, 姚江, 张宗海, 等. 外混式双流体雾化器荷电喷雾流场特性[J]. 江苏大学学报: 自然科学版, 2014, 35(6): 649-655.
WANG Junfeng, YAO Jiang, ZHANG Zonghai, et al. Measurement of Charged Spray Flow Field for External Mixing Twin-fluid Nozzle by PIV[J]. Journal of Jiangsu University: Natural Science Edition, 2014, 35(6): 649-655.
[6]周刚, 程卫民, 聂文, 等. 高压喷雾射流雾化及水雾捕尘机理的拓展理论分析[J]. 重庆大学学报, 2012, 35(3): 121-126.
ZHOU Gang, CHENG Weimin, NIE Wen, et al. Extended Theoretical Analysis of Jet and Atomization under High-pressure Spraying and Collecting Dust Mechanism of Droplet[J]. Journal of Chongqing University, 2012, 35(3): 121-126.
[7]JING L, XU X. Direct Numerical Simulation of Secondary Breakup of Liquid Drops[J]. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 2010, 23(2): 153-161.
[8]刘存喜, 刘富强, 毛艳辉, 等. 某型航空发动机用离心喷嘴燃油空间分布特性试验[J]. 航空动力学报, 2013, 28(4): 783-791.
LIU Cunxi, LIU Fuqiang, MAO Yanhui, et al. Experiment of Fuel Distribution of Pressure-swirl Atomizers for Aero-engine[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2013, 28(4): 783-791.
[9]吴晅, 焦晶晶, 杨彪, 等. 基于激光的多相流测试技术应用研究进展[J]. 激光与红外, 2016, 46(2): 132-138.
WU Xuan, JIAO Jingjing, YANG Biao, et al. Application Research Progress of the Multiphase Flow Measurement Technology Based on Laser[J]. Laser & Infrared, 2016, 46(2): 132-138.
[10]郭恒杰, 李雁飞, 徐宏明, 等. 基于三维PDPA的旋流式GDI喷油器喷雾特性[J]. 内燃机学报, 2015, 33(4): 335-341.
GUO Hengjie, LI Yanfei, XU Hongming, et al. Spray Characteristics of Swirl-type GDI Injector Using 3D-PDPA[J]. Transactions of CSICE, 2015, 33(4): 335-341.
[11]KANG Z, LI Q, CHENG P, et al. Effects of Self-pulsation on the Spray Characteristics of Gas-liquid Swirl Coaxial Injector[J].Acta Astronautica, 2016, 127: 249-259.
[12]KOURMATZIS A, PHAM P X, MASRI A R. Air Assisted Atomization and Spray Density Characterization of Ethanol and a Range of Biodiesels[J]. Fuel, 2013, 108: 758-770.
[13]伊吉明, 白富强, 常青, 等. 撞击式射流速度特性及液滴粒度特性的试验[J]. 内燃机学报, 2013, 31(6): 519-524.
YI Jiming, BAI Fuqiang, CHANG Qing, et al. Experiment on Velocity and Size Distribution of Droplets Produced by an Impinging Liquid Jet[J]. Transactions of CSICE, 2013, 31(6): 519-524.
[14]贾卫东, 胡化超, 陈龙, 等. 风幕式静电喷杆喷雾喷头雾化与雾滴沉积性能试验[J]. 农业工程学报, 2015, 31(7): 53-59.
JIA Weidong, HU Huachao, CHEN Long, et al. Performance Experiment on Spray Atomization and Droplets Deposition of Wind-curtain Electrostatic Boom Spray[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2015, 31(7): 53-59.
[15]燕明徳, 贾卫东, 毛罕平, 等. 风幕式喷杆喷雾雾滴粒径与速度分布试验[J]. 农业机械学报, 2015, 45(11): 104-110.
YAN Mingde, JIA Weidong, MAO Hanping, et al. Experimental Investigation of Droplet Diameter and Velocity Distributions in Air-assist Boom Sprays[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2015, 45(11): 104-110.
[16]王锐, 景青, 周致富, 等. 甘油/压缩空气两相喷雾动力学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2016, 33(2): 223-227.
WANG Rui, JING Qing, ZHOU Zhifu, et al. Experimental Study on Characteristics of Glycerol/compressed Air Two-fluid Spray[J]. Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2016, 33(2): 223-227.
[17]杨超, 陈波, 姜万录, 等. 基于拉瓦尔效应的超音速喷嘴雾化性能分析与试验[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016, 32(19): 57-64.
YANG Chao, CHEN Bo, JIANG Wanlu, et al. Analysis and Experiment on Atomizing Characteristics of Supersonic Nozzle Based on Laval Effect[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2016, 32(19): 57-64.
[18]刘赵淼, 张谭. Laval型微喷管内气体流动的计算及分析[J]. 航空动力学报, 2009, 24(7): 1556-1563.
LIU Zhaomiao, ZHANG Tan. Numerical Investigation on Gas Flow in Laval Micronozzle[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2009, 24(7): 1556-1563.
[19]史雨, 桑为民, 陈志敏.超音速喷管收缩扩张段匹配问题研究[J]. 航空计算技术, 2013, 43(6): 72-74.
SHI Yu, SANG Weimin, CHEN Zhimin. Research on Matching of Contraction and Expansion Section of Supersonic Nozzle[J]. Aeronautical Computing Technique, 2013, 43(6): 72-74.
[20]JANKOWSKI A, SANDEL A, SECZYK J, et al. Analysis of Fuel Spray Preparation for Internal Combustion Engines[J]. Journal of KONES Internal Combustion Engines, 2002, 1(2): 323-332.
[21]A/S DD. BSA Flow Software V4.10 Installation and Users Guide[M]. Skovlunde: Dantec Dynamics A/S, 2006.