双转台五轴数控机床旋转轴位置无关几何误差辨识

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2024.06.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对双转台五轴数控机床旋转轴几何误差辨识精度问题，提出一种在机床坐标系下的旋转轴位置无关几何误差(PIGEs)辨识模型。建立了刀具球与工件球在机床坐标系下的实际初始坐标，通过逆矩阵得到工件球在所测轴的实际初始位置，基于4种测量模式建立了包含球杆仪安装误差与旋转轴PIGEs的杆长变化量数学模型。仿真分析了PIGEs对测量模式的影响，结果表明刀具球在两旋转轴轴线交点位置时，平行度误差不影响球杆仪杆长变化量。最后，通过实验辨识出旋转轴8项PIGEs，并对旋转轴PIGEs的4项位置误差进行补偿。实验结果表明，补偿后的位置误差最大绝对值由203.5 μm减小至5.1 μm，所提出的辨识模型可以有效提高五轴机床精度。

关键词: 五轴数控机床, 旋转轴, 位置无关几何误差, 机床坐标系, 球杆仪

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of the accuracy in identifying geometric errors of rotation axis of five-axis CNC machines with double rotary tables, an identification model of PIGEs of rotation axis on absolute coordinate system was proposed. The actual initial coordinates of the tool ball and the workpiece ball in the machine coordinate system were established, and the actual initial position of the workpiece ball in the measured axis was obtained by the inverse matrix. The mathematical model of the double ball bar length changing included installation errors and the PIGEs of the rotation axis was established based on the four measurement patterns. The effects of PIGEs on the measurement pattern were analyzed by simulation. The results show that the parallelism error may not affect double ball bar length changing when the tool ball is at the intersection of the two rotation axis. Finally, 8 PIGEs of the rotary axis were identified through experiments, and 4 positional deviations of the rotary axis PIGEs were compensated. The experimental results show that the maximum absolute value of the compensated positional error is reduced from 203.5 μm to 5.1 μm, and the proposed identification model may effectively improve the accuracy of five-axis CNC machines.

Key words: , five-axis CNC machine, rotation axis, position-independent geometric error(PIGE), machine coordinate system, double ball bar

中图分类号:

TH161

张文斌, 刘焕牢, 王宇林, 周恒宇. 双转台五轴数控机床旋转轴位置无关几何误差辨识[J]. 中国机械工程, 2024, 35(06): 1023-1033.

ZHANG Wenbin, LIU Huanlao, WANG Yulin, ZHOU Hengyu. Identification of Rotary Axes PIGEs of Five-axis CNC Machines with Double Rotary Tables[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 35(06): 1023-1033.

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链接本文: http://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2024.06.008

http://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/Y2024/V35/I06/1023

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