中国机械工程 ›› 2022, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (02): 170-175,186.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2022.02.006

• 机械基础工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

组合支撑方式下气动多维力多点测量研究

任宗金;李洋;徐田国;吕江山;洪吉   

  1. 大连理工大学机械工程学院,大连,116024
  • 出版日期:2022-01-25 发布日期:2022-02-18
  • 通讯作者: 李洋(通信作者),男,1996年生,硕士研究生。研究方向大尺寸飞行器多维气动力测量。E-mail:997083096@qq.com。
  • 作者简介:任宗金,男,1978年生,教授、博士研究生导师。研究方向为传感器及执行器相关理论。E-mail:renzongjin@dlut.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52075079)

Research on Multi-point Measurement of Pneumatic Multi-dimensional Forces under Combined Support Mode

REN Zongjin;LI Yang;XU Tianguo;LYU Jiangshan;HONG Ji   

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,Liaoning,116024
  • Online:2022-01-25 Published:2022-02-18

摘要: 飞行器的设计通常需以其模型在风洞试验中所获取的气动载荷为依据。对于大尺寸、大长径比的飞行器模型,其测试空间受限,常规支撑装置与测量方法难以满足风洞试验的尺寸与动态特性要求。针对上述问题,以压电传感器为核心测试元件,提出了一种结合张线支撑和尾部支撑的组合支撑方式,开发了一种支撑装置与测试元件一体化的气动多维力测试系统。分析了模型所受气动力与支撑反力之间的平衡关系,建立了作用在模型上的气动多维力与测力单元输出的力学模型。对所需测力单元进行静态标定,以获取各测力单元的输入输出性能。对系统整体进行标定实验,静态标定实验结果表明,测试系统非线性与重复性误差均小于1%,向间干扰最大值为2.04%;动态脉冲激励实验结果表明,该测试系统三个方向的一阶固有频率分别为195 Hz、136 Hz和273 Hz,测试系统的动态特性得到了显著提高。

关键词: 气动多维力, 压电传感器, 风洞试验, 组合支撑, 标定实验

Abstract: An aircraft design  was usually based on the pneumatic loads obtained by the model in wind tunnel tests. For aircraft models with large dimensions and large aspect ratios, the test space was limited, and it was difficult to meet the size and dynamic characteristics requirements of wind tunnel tests based on conventional support devices and measurement methods. To solve the problems, with piezoelectric sensors as the core test elements, a combined support mode was proposed with combining tension support and tail support, and a pneumatic multi-dimensional force test system integrated with support devices and test elements was developed. The balance relationship between the pneumatic forces and the supporting reaction forces of the model was analyzed, and the mechanics model of the pneumatic multi-dimensional forces acting on the model and the output of the force measurement units was established. The static calibration on the required force measurement units was performed to obtain the input and output performances of each force measurement unit. The calibration experiments were carried out on the whole system. The static calibration experimental results show that the nonlinearity and repeatability errors of the test system are both lower than 1%, and the maximum cross interference is as 2.04%; The dynamic pulse excitation experimental results show that the first-order natural frequencies of the three directions of the test system are as 195 Hz, 136 Hz and 273 Hz respectively, and the dynamic characteristics of the test system are improved significantly. 

Key words:  , pneumatic multi-dimensional force, piezoelectric sensor, wind tunnel test, combined support, calibration experiment

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