Electromechanical Coupling Modeling and Dynamic Characteristic Analysis of Wind Power Transmission Systems under Operation Conditions

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2022.03.001

Abstract

Abstract: To reveal the electromechanical coupling dynamic characteristics of the wind power transmission systems under the variable speeds and variable load operation conditions， the electromechanical coupling model of the wind power transmission systems including the gear system dynamics model， the finite element model of permanent magnet synchronous generator and the operation control model of wind turbine was established， taking into consideration of the nonlinear factors such as gears time-varying meshing stiffness， cogging effect and magnetic saturation of generators. The dynamic responses of the systems under the starting and power generation operation conditions and the electromechanical coupling dynamic characteristics of the system were analyzed. The results show that the dynamic responses of the wind power transmission systems are stable under the starting condition； under the power generation operation condition， the wind power transmission systems are under a variable speed and variable load state， and low-frequency torsional vibrations are vulnerable to be excited and dynamic responses are complicated. Under the effects of generator cogging， magnetic saturation and other factors， the currents and electromagnetic torques may produce main harmonic frequency fluctuations caused by time harmonics and space harmonics. Because of the electromechanical coupling effects， the gear vibration characteristics and the electromagnetic characteristics may affect each other. The currents and electromagnetic torques contain more mechanical vibration frequency components related to gear meshing. At the same time， the electromagnetic torques react to the gear systems， which excites rich structural frequency components of the gear systems.

Key words: wind turbine, transmission system, electromechanical coupling, dynamic characteristic, operation control

摘要： 为研究风电传动系统在变速变载运行工况下的机电耦合动态特性，构建的包括齿轮系统动力学模型、永磁同步发电机有限元模型以及风机运行控制模型的风电传动系统机电耦合模型，计入了齿轮时变啮合刚度以及发电机齿槽效应、磁饱和等非线性因素。仿真分析了风电传动系统在启动、发电运行工况下的动态响应和机电耦合动态特性。研究结果表明：启动工况下，风电传动系统动态响应平稳；发电运行工况下，风电传动系统处于变速变载状态，易被激起低频振荡，动态响应复杂。在发电机齿槽效应、磁饱和等因素作用下，电流和电磁转矩产生由时间谐波和空间谐波引起的主谐波频率波动；经机电耦合作用，齿轮振动特性与发电机电磁特性相互影响，电流和电磁转矩中含有更多与齿轮啮合相关的机械振动频率成分，同时电磁转矩反作用于齿轮系统，激发齿轮系统产生丰富的结构频率。

关键词: 风力发电机, 传动系统, 机电耦合, 动态特性, 运行控制

CLC Number:

TK83

QIN Datong, LYU Xuehui, CHEN Ruibo, YANG Zhanbin. Electromechanical Coupling Modeling and Dynamic Characteristic Analysis of Wind Power Transmission Systems under Operation Conditions[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2022, 33(03): 253-260.

秦大同, 吕雪慧, 陈锐博, 杨战斌. 运行工况下风电传动系统机电耦合建模及其动态特性分析[J]. 中国机械工程, 2022, 33(03): 253-260.

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