Influence Laws of Blade Gradient Angle on Natural Frequency of Compressor Impellers

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2022.02.015

Abstract

Abstract: The natural frequency analysis of the turbocharger impeller played a vital role in predicting the reliability life. In order to obtain the influences of the geometry of the compressor impellers on the natural frequency， the blade gradient angle related to the thickness and blade cantilever length was defined. Concepts NREC software was used to design serial impellers， then ANSYS finite element analysis software was used to simulate impeller natural frequency and strength. Moreover， 8 representative size milling impellers were selected for vibration test experiments by the impeller modal test system. The results show that blade thickness has a greater influence on the blade gradient angle than that of the blade cantilever length. The ratio of the blade gradient angle and the first-order natural frequency always show a monotonous increasing linear relationship， and the same with the ratio of the blade gradient angle and the first-order frequency multiplication ratio. The maximum stress at the blade roots of the compressor first decrease with the increase of the blade gradient angle， and then increase with the increase of the blade gradient angle. When the value range of blade gradient angle is as 3.258°， the maximum equivalent stress of the impellers is smallest. The errors between the experimental results and the simulation calculations are 2. 13%～4. 92%， indicating that the calculation results are reliable. When the compressor impeller rotates， the pre-stress of centrifugal force increases the stiffness of the impellers， thereby increasing the modal frequency of the impellers.

Key words: , compressor impeller, blade gradient angle, natural frequency, frequency multiplication ratio, strength

摘要： 增压器叶轮固有频率分布对其可靠性寿命起至关重要的作用。为获取压气机叶轮几何尺寸对叶轮固有频率的影响规律，提出了与叶片厚度和叶片悬臂长度相关的叶片梯度角概念，采用Concepts NREC软件进行叶轮系列化设计，结合ANSYS有限元分析软件进行叶轮固有频率及强度模拟计算，并通过叶轮模态测试系统进行了8个代表性尺寸的铣削叶轮振动实验测试。研究结果表明：相对于叶片悬臂长度，叶片厚度对叶片梯度角的影响更大；叶片梯度角与一阶固有频率及一阶倍频比皆为单调递增线性关系；叶根处最大应力值随着叶片梯度角的增大先减小再增大，叶片梯度角为3.258°时叶轮最大等效应力最小。实验所得叶轮固有频率结果与模拟计算结果之间的误差为2.13%~4.92%，说明计算结果可靠。压气机叶轮旋转时，离心力的预应力作用提高了叶轮的刚度，进而提高叶轮的模态频率。

关键词: 压气机叶轮, 叶片梯度角, 固有频率, 倍频比, 强度

CLC Number:

TH122
TH136

LI Song, YANG Xinle, LI Weikang, TANG Meiling. Influence Laws of Blade Gradient Angle on Natural Frequency of Compressor Impellers[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2022, 33(02): 243-251.

李颂, 杨新乐, 李惟慷, 唐美玲. 叶片梯度角对压气机叶轮固有频率的影响规律[J]. 中国机械工程, 2022, 33(02): 243-251.

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