

China Mechanical Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (10): 2577-2585.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.10.020
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ZHAO Kegang1, CHEN Haoqiang1, LIANG Zhihao2, YE Jie3(
), WANG Chijun4
Received:2025-09-01
Online:2026-10-25
Published:2026-11-10
Contact:
YE Jie
通讯作者:
叶杰
作者简介:赵克刚,男,1977年生,副教授。研究方向为先进传动系统的设计与控制、混合动力汽车的能量管理策略、智能网联汽车的控制与规划基金资助:CLC Number:
ZHAO Kegang, CHEN Haoqiang, LIANG Zhihao, YE Jie, WANG Chijun. Physics-embedded Gaussian Process Model and Its Application in Parameter Tuning of Intelligent Vehicle Path Tracking Controllers[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 37(10): 2577-2585.
赵克刚, 陈浩强, 梁志豪, 叶杰, 王炽军. 物理内嵌高斯过程模型及其在智能汽车路径跟踪控制器参数整定中的应用[J]. 中国机械工程, 2026, 37(10): 2577-2585.
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URL: https://www.cmemo.org.cn/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.10.020
| 车辆参数 | 数值 |
|---|---|
| 整车质量m | 1667 kg |
| 横摆转动惯量Iz | 2500 kg·m2 |
| 质心至前轴的距离lf | 1.10 m |
| 质心至后轴的距离lr | 1.46 m |
| 前轮侧偏刚度Cf | -65 kN/rad |
| 后轮侧偏刚度Cr | -65 kN/rad |
| 转向传动比isw | 17 |
Tab.1 The parameters of vehicle
| 车辆参数 | 数值 |
|---|---|
| 整车质量m | 1667 kg |
| 横摆转动惯量Iz | 2500 kg·m2 |
| 质心至前轴的距离lf | 1.10 m |
| 质心至后轴的距离lr | 1.46 m |
| 前轮侧偏刚度Cf | -65 kN/rad |
| 后轮侧偏刚度Cr | -65 kN/rad |
| 转向传动比isw | 17 |
| 模型 | vy /(m·s-1) | r/(rad·s-1) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RMSE | RMSE | |||
| MF-STM | 0.0038 | 0.0162 | 0.0076 | 0.0279 |
| GPM | 0.0042 | 0.0269 | 0.0121 | 0.0463 |
| GP-PHM | 0.0039 | 0.0155 | 0.0073 | 0.0266 |
| PEGP | 0.0020 | 0.0104 | 0.0072 | 0.0272 |
Tab.2 The comparison of prediction error in real test set 1
| 模型 | vy /(m·s-1) | r/(rad·s-1) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RMSE | RMSE | |||
| MF-STM | 0.0038 | 0.0162 | 0.0076 | 0.0279 |
| GPM | 0.0042 | 0.0269 | 0.0121 | 0.0463 |
| GP-PHM | 0.0039 | 0.0155 | 0.0073 | 0.0266 |
| PEGP | 0.0020 | 0.0104 | 0.0072 | 0.0272 |
| 模型 | vy /(m·s-1) | r/(rad·s-1) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RMSE | RMSE | |||
| MF-STM | 0.0594 | 0.1352 | 0.0322 | 0.0759 |
| GPM | 0.0837 | 0.1531 | 0.0586 | 0.1043 |
| GP-PHM | 0.0318 | 0.1014 | 0.0202 | 0.0746 |
| PEGP | 0.0211 | 0.0532 | 0.0139 | 0.0372 |
Tab.3 The comparison of prediction error in real test set 2
| 模型 | vy /(m·s-1) | r/(rad·s-1) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RMSE | RMSE | |||
| MF-STM | 0.0594 | 0.1352 | 0.0322 | 0.0759 |
| GPM | 0.0837 | 0.1531 | 0.0586 | 0.1043 |
| GP-PHM | 0.0318 | 0.1014 | 0.0202 | 0.0746 |
| PEGP | 0.0211 | 0.0532 | 0.0139 | 0.0372 |
| 整定次数 | ey /m | eφ /(°) | 累计 代价 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RMSE | RMSE | ||||
| 0 | 0.30 | 1.00 | 2.81 | 9.27 | 35.85 |
| 1 | 0.31 | 1.00 | 2.03 | 5.96 | 22.04 |
| 2 | 0.31 | 1.00 | 2.06 | 6.15 | 21.81 |
| 3 | 0.31 | 1.00 | 2.08 | 6.37 | 21.60 |
| 4 | 0.31 | 1.00 | 2.08 | 6.39 | 21.61 |
| 5 | 0.31 | 1.00 | 2.07 | 6.35 | 21.76 |
| 提高 | -3.33% | 25.98% | 31.28% | 39.75% | |
Tab. 4 The comparison of tracking performance of LQR controller under different tuning iterations
| 整定次数 | ey /m | eφ /(°) | 累计 代价 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RMSE | RMSE | ||||
| 0 | 0.30 | 1.00 | 2.81 | 9.27 | 35.85 |
| 1 | 0.31 | 1.00 | 2.03 | 5.96 | 22.04 |
| 2 | 0.31 | 1.00 | 2.06 | 6.15 | 21.81 |
| 3 | 0.31 | 1.00 | 2.08 | 6.37 | 21.60 |
| 4 | 0.31 | 1.00 | 2.08 | 6.39 | 21.61 |
| 5 | 0.31 | 1.00 | 2.07 | 6.35 | 21.76 |
| 提高 | -3.33% | 25.98% | 31.28% | 39.75% | |
| 控制器类型 | 整定次数 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RMSE | RMSE | ||||
| MPC | 1 | 0.06 | 0.18 | 0.66 | 2.00 |
| 2 | 0.06 | 0.17 | 0.57 | 1.63 | |
| 3 | 0.06 | 0.15 | 0.47 | 1.51 | |
| 4 | 0.06 | 0.16 | 0.48 | 1.34 | |
| 5 | 0.05 | 0.13 | 0.44 | 1.24 | |
| LQR | 3 | 0.05 | 0.11 | 0.31 | 0.71 |
Tab.5 The comparison of tracking performance of different controllers in double-lane change maneuver
| 控制器类型 | 整定次数 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RMSE | RMSE | ||||
| MPC | 1 | 0.06 | 0.18 | 0.66 | 2.00 |
| 2 | 0.06 | 0.17 | 0.57 | 1.63 | |
| 3 | 0.06 | 0.15 | 0.47 | 1.51 | |
| 4 | 0.06 | 0.16 | 0.48 | 1.34 | |
| 5 | 0.05 | 0.13 | 0.44 | 1.24 | |
| LQR | 3 | 0.05 | 0.11 | 0.31 | 0.71 |
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