考虑气体溶解和温度的油气悬架输出特性研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2025.11.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

考虑到车辆行驶过程中油气悬架气体溶解、温度变化的问题，以某型号油气悬架为研究对象，结合亨利定律修正了油气悬架输出特性数学模型，分析其在不同激励信号下的输出特性。搭建油气悬架输出特性测试试验台，分别开展不同阶跃和正弦信号激励下油气悬架的输出特性试验，得到气体的动静态溶解特性以及输出力特性随温度和气体溶解变化曲线。研究结果表明：气体在油液中的溶解只与气体工作压力相关，两者之间成正相关，与频率和幅值皆无关，气体工作压力越大，气体溶解度越大，气体溶解速率越大。气体溶解会导致油气悬架的气体压力减小，进而减小其输出力；油温的升高会使油气悬架的气体压力增大，进而增大其输出力，并伴有少量气体析出的现象。此外，考虑温度和气体溶解度等因素的油气悬架输出力特性理论与试验结果的归一化均方根误差为0.76%。

关键词: 溶解, 温度变化, 油气悬架, 气体压力

Abstract:

Considering the influences of gas dissolution and temperature variation in the suspensions during the vehicle working， a specific type of hydro-pneumatic suspension was taken as the research object. By incorporating Henryp's law， a revised mathematical model of the suspension's output characteristics was proposed， and the performances was analyzed under different excitation signals. A testing platform was constructed for evaluating the output characteristics of the hydro-pneumatic suspensions. The output characteristics were tested under different steps and sinusoidal signal excitations， in order to investigate the dynamic and static dissolution characteristics of the gas， as well as the output force characteristics variation curves with temperature and gas dissolution. The results indicate that gas dissolution is solely related to gas pressure， with a positive correlation between the them， which is independent with the excitation frequency and amplitude. A higher gas working pressure may result in bigger solubility and faster dissolution rate. Furthermore， higher gas dissolution causes a reduction in the gas pressure of the hydro-pneumatic suspensions， thereby decreasing the output force. Conversely， an increase in oil temperature will result in an increasing of the gas pressure， leading to an increase in output force， accompanied by minor gas precipitation phenomena. Considering factors such as temperature and gas solubility， the normalized root mean square error between the theoretical and testing results of the output force characteristics of the hydro-pneumatic suspensions is as 0.76%.

Key words: dissolution, temperature variation, hydro-pneumatic suspension, gas pressure

中图分类号:

TH137

刘秀梅, 罗云龙, 李贝贝, 刘申, 刘启航, 李永涛, 赵巧. 考虑气体溶解和温度的油气悬架输出特性研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2025, 36(11): 2492-2500.

Xiumei LIU, Yunlong LUO, Beibei LI, Shen LIU, Qihang LIU, Yongtao LI, Qiao ZHAO. Research on Output Characterization of Hydro-penumatic Suspensions Considering Gas Dissolution and Temperature[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 36(11): 2492-2500.

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链接本文: https://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2025.11.003

https://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/Y2025/V36/I11/2492

图/表 22

图1 单气室油气悬架结构示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of single-chamber hydro-pneumatic suspension

图2 亨利定律

Fig.2 Henry's law

图3 输出力仿真模型

Fig.3 Output force simulation model

表1 油气悬架结构参数

Tab.1 Structure parameters of hydro- penumatic suspension

参数名称	数值
缸筒外径/mm	110
缸筒内径/mm	100
活塞杆直径/mm	72
初始充气体积/L	1
阻尼孔通径/mm	3
单向阀通径/mm	10

图4 油气悬架试验台

Fig.4 Test bench of hydro-pneumatic suspension

图5 静态激励气体溶解特性

Fig.5 Static excitation gas dissolution characteristics

图6 气体溶解质量实际值与理论值对比

Fig.6 Comparison between actual and theoretical values of gas solvent quality

图7 阶跃55 mm、1 Hz-10 mm正弦激励下气体压力变化

Fig.7 Gas pressure variation under step 55 mm、 1 Hz-10 mm sinusoidal excitation

图8 不同频率正弦激励下气体压力对比曲线

Fig.8 Comparison curve of gas pressure under sinusoidal excitation of different frequencies

图9 不同幅值正弦激励下气体压力对比曲线

Fig.9 Comparison curve of gas pressure under sinusoidal excitation with different amplitude

图10 不同幅值阶跃激励下气体压力对比曲线

Fig.10 Comparison curve of gas pressure at different step excitation of different amplitudes

图11 1 Hz-35 mm正弦激励下气体温度变化曲线

Fig.11 Gas temperature change curve under 1 Hz-35 mm sinusoidal excitation

图12 1Hz-35mm正弦激励下气体压力变化曲线

Fig.12 Gas pressure change curve under 1 Hz-35 mm sinusoidal excitation

图13 不同温度下气体压力试验与仿真对比

Fig.13 Comparison between test and simulation of gas pressure at different temperatures

图14 气体压力随温度上升理论值与试验值对比

Fig. 14 Comparison between theoretical and testing values of gas pressure increase with temperature rise

图15 考虑溶解与不考虑溶解的仿真对比

Fig.15 Comparison of simulations with and without dissolution

图16 气体压力仿真与试验对比

Fig.16 Comparison between simulation and test of gas pressure

图17 不同幅值正弦激励下气体压力试验对比

Fig.17 Comparison of gas pressure tests under sinusoidal excitation with different amplitude

图18 不同幅值正弦激励下压差对比

Fig.18 Comparison of pressure difference under sinusoidal excitation with different amplitude

图19 0.5 Hz-30 mm正弦激励下溶解前后输出力对比

Fig. 19 Output force comparison before and after dissolution under 0.5 Hz-30 mm sinusoidal excitation

图20 不同温度下输出力对比

Fig.20 Comparison of output force at different temperatures

图21 50 ℃下输出力仿真与试验对比

Fig.21 Comparison between simulation and test of output force at 50 ℃

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