多轴联动超精密车削的对心误差补偿技术

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2025.07.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对非球面加工面形误差无法有效补偿的问题，提出了XZB三轴联动超精密加工方法。分析了车刀对心误差、车刀半径误差、刀尖对B轴回转中心误差对工件面形精度的影响，并提出相应的补偿方法。开展了镀镍凸非球面工件车削加工实验。采用XZB三轴联动车削加工方式后，工件面形误差由0.6774 μm降为0.0749 μm。实验结果表明，相较于XZ两轴联动车削加工方式，XZB三轴联动车削加工能有效提高小口径非球面的面形精度和表面质量。

关键词: 多轴联动, 超精加工, 面形误差, 误差补偿

Abstract: To address the issues of ineffective compensation for aspheric machining figure errors, an XZB three-axis ultra-precision machining method was proposed. The impact of errors in tool alignment, tool radius and the deviation of tool tip relative to the B-axis rotation center on workpiece surface accuracy was analyzed, and the corresponding compensation methods were presented. Turning experiments of nickel-plated convex aspherical workpieces were conducted. Figure errors of the workpieces were reduceed from 0.6774 μm to 0.0749 μm, with the XZB three-axis linked turning method. Experimental results show that the XZB three-axis linked turning process significantly improves the surface shape accuracy and surface quality of small-diameter aspherical surfaces, compared with the XZ two-axis linked turning method.

Key words: multi-axis simultaneous, ultraprecision machining, figure error, error compensation

中图分类号:

TP202

袁家斌, 郭曦鹏, 李蓉, 尹韶辉. 多轴联动超精密车削的对心误差补偿技术[J]. 中国机械工程, 2025, 36(07): 1397-1406.

YUAN Jiabin, GUO Xipeng, LI Rong, YIN Shaohui. Ultra-precision Turning Alignment Error Compensation Technology in Multi-axis Simultaneous Operations[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 36(07): 1397-1406.

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链接本文: https://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2025.07.001

https://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/Y2025/V36/I07/1397

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