混合润滑共形接触表面摩擦学特性演变的加速试验方法

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.01.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

提出一种混合润滑共形接触表面摩擦学特性演变加速试验设计方法。该方法基于“降黏加速”思想，保持粗糙峰接触状态不变，仅通过增加粗糙峰相互作用频率实现摩擦学性能的加速演化。在Plint TE-92摩擦磨损试验机上对所提加速试验设计方法进行了验证。实验显示常速工况（速度0.2 m/s，温度25 ℃，试验时长20 min ）与加速后工况（速度0.4 m/s，温度47 ℃，试验时长10 min）的摩擦因数、三维形貌参数Sq与Ssk吻合较好，这表明加速试验10 min与未加速试验20 min的磨损效果相同。

关键词: 加速试验, 共形接触, 混合润滑, 摩擦学特性, 粗糙峰接触

Abstract:

An acceleration experimental design method for hybrid-lubrication conformal-contact surface tribological evolution was proposed. The method was based on the concept of “viscosity-reduction acceleration”， where the asperity contact states were preserved while the evolution of tribological behavior was accelerated by increasing the interaction frequency between surface asperities. The approach was validated by Plint TE-92 friction and wear tester.The results show that at the non-accelerated condition （sliding speed is as 0.2 m/s， temperature is as 25 °C， duration is as 20 min） and the corresponding accelerated condition （sliding speed is as 0.4 m/s， temperature is as 47 °C， duration is as 10 min） share the highly consistent values of friction coefficient， and 3D surface parameters Sq and Ssk. It indicates that the wear effect of 10-minute in test with accelerated parameters is equivalent to that of 20-minute in test with non-accelerated parameters.

Key words: accelerated experiment, conformal contact, mixed lubrication, tribological property, asperity peak contact

中图分类号:

TH117.1

张梓洋, 龚雅婧, 王悦昶. 混合润滑共形接触表面摩擦学特性演变的加速试验方法[J]. 中国机械工程, 2026, 37(1): 22-29.

ZHANG Ziyang, GONG Yajing, WANG Yuechang. Method for Accelerated Tribological Property Evolution Experiments of Conformal Contact Surfaces in Mixed Lubrication Regime[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 37(1): 22-29.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.01.003

https://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/Y2026/V37/I1/22

图/表 13

图1 粗糙峰接触状态改变示意图

Fig.1 The schematic diagram of change of asperity contact state

图2 加速试验设计流程图

Fig.2 The flowchart of designing accelerated experiment

表1 配副材料性能参数

Tab.1 The performance parameters of matching materials

材料	弹性模量/GPa	泊松比	硬度	密度/（ $g · c m - 3$ ）
WC-Ni	550	0.22	1500 HV	15
GCr15	208	0.3	215 HV	7.8

表1 配副材料性能参数

Tab.1 The performance parameters of matching materials

材料	弹性模量/GPa	泊松比	硬度	密度/（ $g · c m - 3$ ）
WC-Ni	550	0.22	1500 HV	15
GCr15	208	0.3	215 HV	7.8

图3 动环结构及尺寸

Fig.3 The structure and dimension of rotating ring

图4 Plint TE-92摩擦磨损试验机

Fig.4 Plint TE-92

图5 PAO2基础油黏度-温度拟合曲线

Fig.5 The viscosity-temperature fitting curve of PAO2 base oil

表2 GCr15和WC-Ni实验件表面形貌参数

Tab.2 The surface morphology parameters of GCr15 and WC-Ni experiment parts

	Sq/ $μ m$	Ssk	Sku	Sal/ $μ m$	Str
GCr15	0.493±0.0088	$-$ 0.63±0.0866	4.56±0.1122	7.451±0.1999	0.94±0.0451
WC-Ni	0.215±0.0048	$-$ 0.46±0.0687	4.10±0.1087	6.098±0.1126	0.93±0.0385

表2 GCr15和WC-Ni实验件表面形貌参数

Tab.2 The surface morphology parameters of GCr15 and WC-Ni experiment parts

	Sq/ $μ m$	Ssk	Sku	Sal/ $μ m$	Str
GCr15	0.493±0.0088	$-$ 0.63±0.0866	4.56±0.1122	7.451±0.1999	0.94±0.0451
WC-Ni	0.215±0.0048	$-$ 0.46±0.0687	4.10±0.1087	6.098±0.1126	0.93±0.0385

图6 60 N非高斯表面条件下的设计结果

Fig.6 The design results of accelerated experiment under 60 N and non-Gaussian surface conditions

表3 不同工况下加速试验与未加速试验的仿真结果

Tab.3 The simulation results of accelerated experiments and normal experiments in different operating conditions

	接触面积比α	承载比β	摩擦因数μ
60 N高斯面常速工况	0.007 14±0.001 74	0.324 97±0.097 23	0.059 71±0.012 51
60 N高斯面加速工况	0.007 52±0.0015	0.325 51±0.097 68	0.059 11±0.012 82
50 N非高斯面常速工况	0.019 009±0.004 029	0.439 427±0.082 906	0.078 246±0.009 676
50 N非高斯面加速工况	0.018 91±0.003 994	0.443 031±0.084 85	0.078 721±0.009 88

图7 60 N非高斯表面条件下加速试验的仿真结果

Fig.7 The simulation results of accelerated experiment under 60 N and non-Gaussian surface conditions

图8 改造后动环实验过程温升情况

Fig.8 Temperature rise during experiments process after modifying rotating ring

图9 加速试验与未加速试验摩擦因数比较

Fig.9 The comparison of friction coefficient of accelerated experiments and normal experiments

表4 加速试验与未加速试验的表面形貌参数

Tab.4 The surface morphology parameters of accelerated experiments and normal experiments

工况

Sq/μm

Ssk

Sku

实验组1

加速工况

0.083 67±0.01382

-

7.956 67±2.037 36

116.51±

69.920 18

实验组1

常速工况

0.072±

0.011 43

$-$ 8.47±

1.727 25

218.513 33±

87.034 91

实验组2

加速工况

0.063 67±

0.008 65

$-$ 7.543 33±

0.830 03

137.213 33±

28.471 58

实验组2

常速工况

0.083±

0.008 52

$-$ 6.3±

0.396 74

84.78±

30.516 05

表4 加速试验与未加速试验的表面形貌参数

Tab.4 The surface morphology parameters of accelerated experiments and normal experiments

工况

Sq/μm

Ssk

Sku

实验组1

加速工况

0.083 67±0.01382

-

7.956 67±2.037 36

116.51±

69.920 18

实验组1

常速工况

0.072±

0.011 43

$-$ 8.47±

1.727 25

218.513 33±

87.034 91

实验组2

加速工况

0.063 67±

0.008 65

$-$ 7.543 33±

0.830 03

137.213 33±

28.471 58

实验组2

常速工况

0.083±

0.008 52

$-$ 6.3±

0.396 74

84.78±

30.516 05

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