平底立铣刀在多刃切削时的切削力变化规律研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为揭示平底立铣刀在多刃铣削时的切削力变化规律，理论推导了多刃切削的水平方向公称切削力的数学表达式，发现这些公称切削力是旋转角的简谐函数，其常数项与同时参与切削的刃数成正比。将切削力表达式的系数做归一化处理，采用仿真方法，得到各常用齿数平底立铣刀在单刃、多刃连续切削时的公称切削力量纲一均值和刀齿频率幅值，结果表明：切削宽度方向的公称切削力均值在多刃切削时显著增大，而其刀齿频率幅值在多刃切削时有时增大，有时减小。开展了4齿平底立铣刀的切削测力试验，试验结果与理论推导和仿真结果相符。研究结果表明：与单刃连续切削相比，多刃切削的切削宽度方向的静态切削力显著增大；多刃切削在水平方向存在着更平稳和更不平稳两种可能；偶数齿铣刀的多刃切削最平稳。研究结论可为铣削加工中优选浸入角参数提供参考。

关键词: 立铣刀, 多刃切削, 切削力, 平稳, 浸入角

Abstract: For revealing the regularity of cutting force varying in multi-edge milling with flat end mills, the mathematical expressions of nominal cutting forces in horizontal directions were deduced, and these cutting forces were found to be harmonic functions of rotational angle, their constants were in proportion to the numbers of simultaneously cutting edges. With normalizing the coefficients of cutting force expressions, and applying simulation method, the dimensionless means and amplitudes at tooth frequency of nominal cutting forces for flat end mills with common flute were obtained. The simulation results show that: in multi-edge cutting, the means of nominal cutting force in radial depth direction prominently increases, while its amplitudes at tooth frequency either increase or decrease. Experiments of cutting and force measuring for 4-flute flat end mill were done, the results agree with those of mathematically deduction and simulation. Research results imply that, comparing with single-flute continuous cutting, the static cutting force in radial depth direction of multi-edge cutting will prominently increase; in horizontal directions, multi-edge cutting may be more or less stable; the multi-edge cutting with even-flute mills may be especially stable. Research results can be used in milling for selecting immersion angle optimally.

Key words: end mill, multi-edge cutting, cutting force, stability, immersion angle

中图分类号:

TH161

刘璨, 吴敬权, 刘焕牢, 谭光宇. 平底立铣刀在多刃切削时的切削力变化规律研究[J]. 中国机械工程.

Liu Can, Wu Jingquan, Liu Huanlao, Tan Guangyu. Study on Variation Regulation of Cutting Forces in Multi-edge Cutting with Flat End Mills[J]. China Mechanical Engineering.

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