追尾碰撞, 后防护架, 试验与仿真, 事故调查

Statistics and analysis were conducted for car-to-truck rear impact accidents on highway of Hunan province. And measurements and statistics of rear guards were conducted on highways. It is found that more than 2/3 of the rear guards can not satisfy the national requirements.The results show the passenger compartment of a car will deform so seriously that it causes severe or fatal injuries for the occupants. In order to verify the effectiveness of 3 typical rear guard structures, including channel steel, rectangular steel and bent steel plate, three groups of rear-end crash experiments were conducted. Based on the tests’ results, A FE model of car-truck and rigid MB rear end impact were built, and simulated with different crash velocity and ground. The results of the tests and simulations show that the stiffness of the existing rear guard is too large to absorb enough energy and prevent the intrusion of the passenger compartment at a higher speed.And it is demonstrated that the national requirement GB11567.2-2001 will be further studied and amended because it can not represent the real world situations.