Abstract: In order to realize replacements of railroad tracks for the high-speed railways automatic ally, the principles of rail-changing operations and key technologies were studied，which targeted on the rapid rail-changing vehicles of high-speed railways by self-wheeling operation . And the performances of the railcar were verified through the application tests of the rapid rail-changing vehicles by self-wheeling operation. The research results show that， compared with the traditional rail changing operations using simple implements or modified vehicles, the rapid rail-changing vehicles by self-wheeling operation may save the “sky-light” time about 20 minutes under the 2 km operation volume, and the maximum daily rail change mileages may reach 2.4 km. This new vehicle is more efficient, safer and low operating intensity.

Key words: rail-changing vehicle, principle of rail-changing, track retracting and releasing device； “sky-light&rdquo, time

摘要： 为实现高速铁路机械化、自动化更换铁轨的目标，以高速铁路自轮运转快速换轨车为对象，研究了换轨作业原理及关键技术,并通过自轮运转快速换轨车的运用考核试验验证了换轨车的相关性能。研究结果表明：相较于使用简易机具或改装车辆的传统换轨作业方式，自轮运转快速换轨车在2 km作业量下可以节约“天窗”时间约20 min，单日最大换轨里程达到2.4 km，具有换轨效率高、作业强度低以及安全可靠的优点。

关键词: 换轨车；换轨原理；钢轨收放装置； &ldquo, 天窗&rdquo, 时间