Functional Design of Low-frequency Sound Absorption in Multidirectional Folded Honeycomb Resonant Metamaterials

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.06.013

Abstract

Abstract:

To address the challenges of balancing low-frequency broadband noise reduction and lightweight design in aircraft cabin noise control within the aviation field， a design method for a multi-directional folded honeycomb structure （MFHS） acoustic metamaterial was proposed. The sound absorption unit of the MFHS was composed of a honeycomb cavity and a square insert tube. A theoretical sound absorption model was established based on the resonance principle， and the influence laws of three key structural parameters（the side length and height of the insert tube， and the length of the cavity） on the sound absorption performance were systematically investigated. The coupled performance of multiple units in parallel was analyzed to achieve broadband sound absorption. To better achieve the lightweight objective， a design method of multi-directional folding was adopted， and samples were fabricated using lightweight materials. Experimental results show that the fabricated MFHS sample achieves an average sound absorption coefficient of 0.85 in the frequency range of 400~1200 Hz， and the thickness of structure is only 35 mm， the areal density is as low as 7.04 kg/m². This realizes the synergistic design of low-frequency broadband efficient sound absorption and lightweight， offering a new idea for low-frequency noise control in the aviation field.

Key words: acoustic absorption metamaterial, low-frequency broadband, resonant sound absorption, honeycomb cavity

摘要：

针对航空领域飞机舱内噪声控制中低宽频降噪与轻量化难以兼顾的难题，提出了一种多向折叠蜂窝结构（MFHS）吸声超材料设计方法。MFHS的吸声单元由蜂窝腔体与方形内插管构成。建立了基于共振原理的吸声理论模型，系统研究了内插管边长、内插管高度及腔体高度三个关键结构参数对吸声性能的影响规律，分析了多单元并联耦合性能以实现宽带吸声。为更好地实现轻量化目标，采用多向折叠的设计方法，并使用轻质材料制备样品。实验结果表明，所制备的MFHS样品在400~1200 Hz频段内平均吸声系数达到0.85，结构厚度仅为35 mm，面密度低至7.04 kg/m²，实现了低频宽带高效吸声与轻量化的协同设计，为航空领域低频噪声控制提供了新思路。

关键词: 吸声超材料, 低频宽带, 共振吸声, 蜂窝腔体

CLC Number:

TB535

MENG Kexuan, LIANG Qingxuan, FENG Jiaming, LI Hongxu, LI Dichen. Functional Design of Low-frequency Sound Absorption in Multidirectional Folded Honeycomb Resonant Metamaterials[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 37(6): 1402-1409.

孟珂璇, 梁庆宣, 丰佳明, 李红旭, 李涤尘. 多向折叠蜂窝共振超材料低频吸声功能设计[J]. 中国机械工程, 2026, 37(6): 1402-1409.

Figures/Tables 18

Fig.1 Structural design of the MFHS

Fig.2 Physical field setup and meshing for simulation calculation

Fig.3 Theoretical calculation and simulation results of sound absorption coefficient

Fig.4 The influence of the side length d of the inner in-serted tube on the sound absorption performance

Fig.5 The influence of the height ln of the inner inserted tube on the sound absorption performance

Fig.6 The influence of the cavity height Lc on the sound absorption performance

Fig.7 The sound absorption curve of two coupled units

Fig.8 The sound absorption curve of three coupled units

Fig.9 Sound absorption curves of folded units with different connection heights h

Fig.10 Schematic of the structure folded N times in a unit

Fig.11 The influence of folding times N on sound abs-orption performance

Fig.12 Particle velocity distribution diagrams of units with different folding times

Fig.13 Schematic of the internal air cavity structure of the MFHS

Tab.1 The specific structural parameters of each unit of the MFHS

单元编号	折叠次数	内插管边长 $d$ /mm	内插管高度 $l n$ /mm	腔体总高度 $L c$ /mm
1	3	5.0	23.0	65.0
2	2	5.0	22.0	61.0
3	2	5.0	23.0	54.0
4	2	4.7	17.0	55.5
5	2	4.8	19.0	49.0
6	2	4.6	14.5	50.0
7	2	4.7	14.0	49.0
8	2	4.4	11.5	45.5
9	1	4.4	10.0	46.7
10	1	4.6	12.5	38.5
11	1	4.5	9.2	41.3
12	1	4.8	9.8	38.5
13	0	4.8	11.3	33.0
14	0	4.4	7.2	33.0
15	0	4.3	9.9	24.0
16	0	4.6	9.6	25.0
17	0	4.5	10.2	21.0
18	0	4.8	9.3	22.7
19	0	4.6	8.7	20.0
20	0	4.7	8.7	19.0
21	0	5.4	11.2	19.0
22	0	4.7	7.8	17.3
23	0	5.1	7.9	18.3

Tab.1 The specific structural parameters of each unit of the MFHS

单元编号	折叠次数	内插管边长 $d$ /mm	内插管高度 $l n$ /mm	腔体总高度 $L c$ /mm
1	3	5.0	23.0	65.0
2	2	5.0	22.0	61.0
3	2	5.0	23.0	54.0
4	2	4.7	17.0	55.5
5	2	4.8	19.0	49.0
6	2	4.6	14.5	50.0
7	2	4.7	14.0	49.0
8	2	4.4	11.5	45.5
9	1	4.4	10.0	46.7
10	1	4.6	12.5	38.5
11	1	4.5	9.2	41.3
12	1	4.8	9.8	38.5
13	0	4.8	11.3	33.0
14	0	4.4	7.2	33.0
15	0	4.3	9.9	24.0
16	0	4.6	9.6	25.0
17	0	4.5	10.2	21.0
18	0	4.8	9.3	22.7
19	0	4.6	8.7	20.0
20	0	4.7	8.7	19.0
21	0	5.4	11.2	19.0
22	0	4.7	7.8	17.3
23	0	5.1	7.9	18.3

Fig.14 The sample of the MFHS

Fig.15 Square impedance tube test system

Fig.16 Simulation calculation and experimental test results of sound absorption coefficient of MFHS

Fig.17 Performance comparison of low-frequency broadband sound absorption metamaterials

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