China Mechanical Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 1393-1401.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.06.012
YU Zhiyong1(
), LI Xin2(
), WANG Zhengmao1
Received:2025-12-26
Online:2026-06-25
Published:2026-07-17
Contact:
LI Xin
通讯作者:
李昕
作者简介:于智勇,男,2000年生,硕士研究生。研究方向为机电一体化。发表论文1篇。E-mail:yuzhiyong2025@163.com基金资助:CLC Number:
YU Zhiyong, LI Xin, WANG Zhengmao. Research on Dynamic Behavior Prediction of Droplet Collision and Diffusion Based on Improved Grey Wolf Algorithm[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 37(6): 1393-1401.
于智勇, 李昕, 王正茂. 基于改进灰狼算法的液滴碰撞扩散动态行为预测研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2026, 37(6): 1393-1401.
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URL: https://www.cmemo.org.cn/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.06.012
动力学黏度 | 密度 | 表面张力 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.02 | 1.45 | 0.05 |
Tab.1 Droplet material parameters
动力学黏度 | 密度 | 表面张力 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.02 | 1.45 | 0.05 |
实验 组数 | 参数 | 最大铺展直径/mm | 最大中心厚度/mm | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 初始直径/mm | 高度/mm | 初始速度/ (m · s | 接触角/(°) | |||
| 1 | 0.5 | 5 | 1 | 30 | 0.685 85 | 0.225 87 |
| 2 | 0.5 | 10 | 2 | 60 | 0.506 39 | 0.285 51 |
| 3 | 0.5 | 15 | 3 | 90 | 0.402 63 | 0.311 88 |
| 4 | 0.5 | 20 | 4 | 120 | 0.541 62 | 0.167 17 |
| 5 | 0.5 | 25 | 5 | 150 | 0.835 52 | 0.115 71 |
| 6 | 0.75 | 5 | 2 | 150 | 0.722 75 | 0.285 92 |
| 7 | 0.75 | 10 | 3 | 30 | 1.193 24 | 0.210 06 |
| 8 | 0.75 | 15 | 4 | 60 | 1.362 04 | 0.147 76 |
| 9 | 0.75 | 20 | 5 | 90 | 1.537 21 | 0.136 59 |
| 10 | 0.75 | 25 | 1 | 120 | 0.368 69 | 0.620 09 |
| 11 | 1.00 | 5 | 3 | 120 | 1.686 99 | 0.188 81 |
| 12 | 1.00 | 10 | 4 | 150 | 1.672 91 | 0.179 76 |
| 13 | 1.00 | 15 | 5 | 30 | 2.358 47 | 0.174 90 |
| 14 | 1.00 | 20 | 1 | 60 | 1.030 57 | 0.509 18 |
| 15 | 1.00 | 25 | 2 | 90 | 0.873 81 | 0.552 03 |
| 16 | 1.25 | 5 | 4 | 90 | 2.525 63 | 0.218 06 |
| 17 | 1.25 | 10 | 5 | 120 | 2.736 03 | 0.185 06 |
| 18 | 1.25 | 15 | 1 | 150 | 0.797 58 | 0.823 26 |
| 19 | 1.25 | 20 | 2 | 30 | 1.718 99 | 0.540 78 |
| 20 | 1.25 | 25 | 3 | 60 | 1.958 00 | 0.315 79 |
| 21 | 1.50 | 5 | 5 | 60 | 3.883 28 | 0.229 41 |
| 22 | 1.50 | 10 | 1 | 90 | 1.448 82 | 0.673 35 |
| 23 | 1.50 | 15 | 2 | 120 | 1.859 81 | 0.395 11 |
| 24 | 1.50 | 20 | 3 | 150 | 2.203 99 | 0.259 42 |
| 25 | 1.50 | 25 | 4 | 30 | 3.494 61 | 0.282 29 |
Tab.2 Simulation results of maximum spreading diameter and center thickness
实验 组数 | 参数 | 最大铺展直径/mm | 最大中心厚度/mm | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 初始直径/mm | 高度/mm | 初始速度/ (m · s | 接触角/(°) | |||
| 1 | 0.5 | 5 | 1 | 30 | 0.685 85 | 0.225 87 |
| 2 | 0.5 | 10 | 2 | 60 | 0.506 39 | 0.285 51 |
| 3 | 0.5 | 15 | 3 | 90 | 0.402 63 | 0.311 88 |
| 4 | 0.5 | 20 | 4 | 120 | 0.541 62 | 0.167 17 |
| 5 | 0.5 | 25 | 5 | 150 | 0.835 52 | 0.115 71 |
| 6 | 0.75 | 5 | 2 | 150 | 0.722 75 | 0.285 92 |
| 7 | 0.75 | 10 | 3 | 30 | 1.193 24 | 0.210 06 |
| 8 | 0.75 | 15 | 4 | 60 | 1.362 04 | 0.147 76 |
| 9 | 0.75 | 20 | 5 | 90 | 1.537 21 | 0.136 59 |
| 10 | 0.75 | 25 | 1 | 120 | 0.368 69 | 0.620 09 |
| 11 | 1.00 | 5 | 3 | 120 | 1.686 99 | 0.188 81 |
| 12 | 1.00 | 10 | 4 | 150 | 1.672 91 | 0.179 76 |
| 13 | 1.00 | 15 | 5 | 30 | 2.358 47 | 0.174 90 |
| 14 | 1.00 | 20 | 1 | 60 | 1.030 57 | 0.509 18 |
| 15 | 1.00 | 25 | 2 | 90 | 0.873 81 | 0.552 03 |
| 16 | 1.25 | 5 | 4 | 90 | 2.525 63 | 0.218 06 |
| 17 | 1.25 | 10 | 5 | 120 | 2.736 03 | 0.185 06 |
| 18 | 1.25 | 15 | 1 | 150 | 0.797 58 | 0.823 26 |
| 19 | 1.25 | 20 | 2 | 30 | 1.718 99 | 0.540 78 |
| 20 | 1.25 | 25 | 3 | 60 | 1.958 00 | 0.315 79 |
| 21 | 1.50 | 5 | 5 | 60 | 3.883 28 | 0.229 41 |
| 22 | 1.50 | 10 | 1 | 90 | 1.448 82 | 0.673 35 |
| 23 | 1.50 | 15 | 2 | 120 | 1.859 81 | 0.395 11 |
| 24 | 1.50 | 20 | 3 | 150 | 2.203 99 | 0.259 42 |
| 25 | 1.50 | 25 | 4 | 30 | 3.494 61 | 0.282 29 |
试 验 组 数 | 参数 | 最大铺展直径/mm | 中心厚度/mm | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
初始液滴 直径/mm | 喷射 高度/ mm | 液滴速度/ (m·s | 接触角/ (°) | |||
| 26 | 0.5 | 5 | 1 | 150 | 0.329 99 | 0.269 82 |
| 27 | 0.75 | 20 | 2 | 90 | 0.754 82 | 0.308 35 |
| 28 | 1 | 10 | 3 | 30 | 1.149 62 | 0.213 28 |
| 29 | 1.25 | 25 | 4 | 120 | 2.456 85 | 0.191 17 |
| 30 | 1.5 | 15 | 5 | 60 | 3.972 16 | 0.241 14 |
Tab.3 Neural network test sets
试 验 组 数 | 参数 | 最大铺展直径/mm | 中心厚度/mm | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
初始液滴 直径/mm | 喷射 高度/ mm | 液滴速度/ (m·s | 接触角/ (°) | |||
| 26 | 0.5 | 5 | 1 | 150 | 0.329 99 | 0.269 82 |
| 27 | 0.75 | 20 | 2 | 90 | 0.754 82 | 0.308 35 |
| 28 | 1 | 10 | 3 | 30 | 1.149 62 | 0.213 28 |
| 29 | 1.25 | 25 | 4 | 120 | 2.456 85 | 0.191 17 |
| 30 | 1.5 | 15 | 5 | 60 | 3.972 16 | 0.241 14 |
机器学习 模型 | 最大铺展直径 | 中心厚度 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BP | 0.309 78 | 0.8881 | 1.9831 | 0.0511 | 0.9152 | 0.326 80 |
| BP-GA | 0.197 11 | 0.9423 | 1.3859 | 0.0354 | 0.9386 | 0.248 71 |
| ELM | 0.189 59 | 0.9380 | 1.4851 | 0.0317 | 0.9205 | 0.247 90 |
| ELM-GWO | 0.116 24 | 0.9821 | 0.7726 | 0.0249 | 0.9574 | 0.165 70 |
| ELM-IGWO | 0.054 32 | 0.9957 | 0.3686 | 0.0052 | 0.9957 | 0.035 30 |
Tab.4 Performance evaluation of different algorithms
机器学习 模型 | 最大铺展直径 | 中心厚度 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BP | 0.309 78 | 0.8881 | 1.9831 | 0.0511 | 0.9152 | 0.326 80 |
| BP-GA | 0.197 11 | 0.9423 | 1.3859 | 0.0354 | 0.9386 | 0.248 71 |
| ELM | 0.189 59 | 0.9380 | 1.4851 | 0.0317 | 0.9205 | 0.247 90 |
| ELM-GWO | 0.116 24 | 0.9821 | 0.7726 | 0.0249 | 0.9574 | 0.165 70 |
| ELM-IGWO | 0.054 32 | 0.9957 | 0.3686 | 0.0052 | 0.9957 | 0.035 30 |
| 名称 | 最大铺展直径D/mm | 中心厚度d/mm |
|---|---|---|
| 极点A | 0.254 83 | 0.780 23 |
| 极点B | 1.262 87 | 0.089 26 |
| 中间点 | 0.583 31 | 0.181 30 |
Tab.5 Values of points on the Pareto front curve
| 名称 | 最大铺展直径D/mm | 中心厚度d/mm |
|---|---|---|
| 极点A | 0.254 83 | 0.780 23 |
| 极点B | 1.262 87 | 0.089 26 |
| 中间点 | 0.583 31 | 0.181 30 |
| 序号 | 最大铺展直径D/mm | 中心厚度d/mm |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0.619 | 0.184 |
| 2 | 0.606 | 0.199 |
| 3 | 0.607 | 0.206 |
| 4 | 0.623 | 0.208 |
| 5 | 0.597 | 0.197 |
| 平均值 | 0.6104 | 0.1988 |
Tab.6 Experimental results of maximum spreading diameter and center thickness
| 序号 | 最大铺展直径D/mm | 中心厚度d/mm |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0.619 | 0.184 |
| 2 | 0.606 | 0.199 |
| 3 | 0.607 | 0.206 |
| 4 | 0.623 | 0.208 |
| 5 | 0.597 | 0.197 |
| 平均值 | 0.6104 | 0.1988 |
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