Abstract: In order to solve the problems that the forklift might not steer in situ or steer heavily, based on the existing electric forklift horizontal hydro-cylinder steering system, a new type of space steering system was developed, and  the mechanical model was established. Parametric design was carried out in the virtual prototype, with the goals of the stresses of steering cylinder piston rods, steering errors and interference gaps in steering processes, multi-objective optimization was carried out by using Insight module. According to the optimization results, the model was modified and the final model was determined, the turning radius measurement and energy-saving experiments were conducted finally. Test results show that the optimized steering system may realize pivot steering with the improved force conditions of the steering.

Key words: forklift steering mechanism； multi-objective optimization； prototype test, mechanics model

摘要： 为了解决叉车无法原地转向且转向困难等问题，结合基本的横置油缸式叉车转向机构，设计了一种新型的空间转向机构，并建立了该机构的力学模型。在虚拟样机中进行参数化设计，以转向活塞杆受力、转向误差以及转向过程中的干涉间隙为目标，利用Insight模块进行多目标优化。根据优化结果修改模型，确定最终的模型，最后进行了转弯半径测试和节能测试。结果表明：优化后的新型叉车转向机构可以实现原地转向，转向受力情况得到改善。

关键词: 叉车转向机构, 多目标优化, 样机测试, 力学模型