Abstract: The principles and method of finish-milling process for rail weld seams were presented herein where the milling was used to instead of grinding, and the rail weld seams finish-milling machine were designed. The finish-milling machine might realize the non-contact high-precision measurements of the rail profiles, the automatic planning of the milling paths, the automatic control of the milling quantity and the online monitoring of the processing qualities, etc.. The damages of rail crystal structures and secondary deformations of welded joints caused by high temperature rises in traditional grinding were eliminated and the production efficiency and the quality of seamless rails were improved. This finish-milling machine is superior to imported refiners in welding precision, efficiency and environmental protection.

Key words: rail, welded joint, CNC system, milling machine, online measurement, intelligent decision making program

摘要： 提出了一种以铣代磨的钢轨焊缝精密修整工艺原理及方法，设计了钢轨焊缝精铣机。该精铣机可实现钢轨轮廓的非接触式高精度测量、铣削路径自动规划、铣削量自动控制以及加工质量的在线监控等，消除了传统磨削加工中因温升大而导致的钢轨晶体结构破坏、焊缝接头二次形变等问题，提高了无缝钢轨的生产效率与质量，在焊缝加工精度、效率、环保等方面均优于进口精磨机。

关键词: 钢轨, 焊接接头, 数控系统, 铣床, 在线测量, 智能决策程序