Abstract:

A systematic analysis was carried out on the advantages and disadvantages of current testing specimens at home and  abroad for five-axis NC machine tools. Combining 3D modelling, theoretical calculations, finite element analysis and cutting experiments, the key technical challenges such as the structural characteristics and surface distribution of S form specimen, structural rigidity and stress and deformation were analyzed, respectively. It is found that there is a clear curvature difference in different locations on the 'S'  form specimen surface. Part-surface exists reversing and alternating across the machine coordinate quadrant. And there are 4 main regions where the structure stiffness of 'S' specimens jumps over the suddenly in single side processing, which leads to cutting deformation, vibration and loss of accuracy  directly. Finally, two stages of rough and finish cutting process were analyzed.

Key words: five-axis machining center;S , form , specimen;cutting precision;dynamic performance

摘要：

系统分析了国内外现行的五坐标数控机床检测试件的优缺点。结合3D建模、理论计算、有限元分析和切削试验分别对S形试件的结构特点、型面分布、结构刚度和受力变形等关键技术难题进行了分析。研究发现，S形试件的表面曲率在型面的不同位置有明显差异，零件型面存在换向和交替穿越机床坐标象限的现象，并且零件的结构刚度在单侧加工时主要有4个突越区域，直接导致切削时的变形、振动和精度丧失。最后，对零件的粗加工、精加工两个加工阶段进行了切削过程分析。

关键词: 五坐标加工中心, S形试件, 切削加工精度, 动态性能