Abstract: In order to study the energy consumption level and changing laws of the main types of ships on the Yangtze River， an energy consumption model for the main types of ships in the Yangtze River from the perspective of time and space was built based on the analysis of ship resistance and ship navigation environment. Through calculations， the energy consumption values of the main types of ships on the Yangtze River were obtained， and the law of energy consumption of different ship types with time and space was analyzed. The results show that the total energy consumption of dry bulk ships is the highest. When the ship sails against the river， the energy consumption is the largest in summer， and the energy consumption in the section from Fengjie to the dam is the lowest. When the ship sails down the river， the energy consumption is the largest in winter， and the energy consumption of the Wuhan-Shanghai segment is the lowest. Among ships with deadweight tonnage less than 2000 tons， container ships have the lowest energy consumption， and among ships with deadweight tonnage greater than 2000 tons， container ships have the highest energy consumption. 

Key words: Yangtze river ship, energy consumption model, segment division, law of energy consumption

摘要： 为了研究长江主要类型船舶的能耗水平及变化规律，基于对船舶阻力及船舶通航环境的分析，从时间和空间两个维度建立长江主要类型船舶能耗模型。通过计算获得长江主要类型船舶的能耗值，分析不同船型的能耗随时间和空间两个维度的变化规律。结果表明，干散货船的能耗总量最高；船舶上水航行时，夏季能耗最大，且在奉节至坝前航段能耗最低；船舶在下水航行时，冬季能耗最大，且在武汉至上海航段能耗最低；载重吨位小于2000 t的船舶中，集装箱船能耗最低，而载重吨位大于2000 t的船舶中，集装箱船能耗最高。研究结果为长江船舶的节能减排提供了指导方向。

关键词: 长江船舶, 能耗模型, 航段划分, 能耗规律