Research on Dynamic Characteristics of U-pocket Cylindrical Roller Bearings

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2026.06.018

Abstract

Abstract:

Multi-objective control method of slipping， friction torque and cage-roller collision force of cylindrical roller bearings was specially studied. An U-pocket cylindrical roller bearings was proposed.The conformal dynamic contact lubrication model of the U-pocket-roller was established based on the dynamic Reynolds equation and the Winkler elastic foundation model， and by use of the Newton-Euler dynamics theory， the dynamics model of the bearing was set up， and by use of the finite difference， multi-grid， and Runge-Kutta integration methods， the coupling solution of the pocket lubrication and bearing dynamics models were implemented. Multi-objective control capability of the novel bearing and the ordinary bearing on cage slip， friction torque， cage-roller collision force and cage whirl under high-speed conditions were compared and analyzed， and influence laws of geometric parameters such as roller groove depth， pocket clearances and cage guide clearances on cage slip rate， friction torque and cage-roller collision force of the novel bearings were researched. The results show that control ability of the novel bearings on cage slip rate， friction torque， cage-roller collision force and cage whirl is significantly better than that of the ordinary bearings； increase of roller groove depth will reduce cage slip rate， friction torque and cage-roller collision force； increase of pocket clearances will increase the cage slip rate， but will reduce friction torque and cage-roller collision force； increase of guide clearances will increase cage slip rate， friction torque and cage-roller collision force.

Key words: cylindrical roller bearing, cage slip, temperature rise, friction torque, cage-roller collision force, cage whirl

摘要：

聚焦圆柱滚子轴承打滑、摩擦力矩以及保持架-滚子碰撞力的多目标控制方法，提出一种U形兜孔圆柱滚子轴承。基于动态Reynolds方程和Winkler弹性基础模型建立了U形兜孔-滚子协调动态接触润滑模型，运用牛顿-欧拉动力学理论建立了轴承的动力学模型，采用有限差分法、多重网格法及Runge-Kutta积分法实现了兜孔润滑与轴承动力学模型的耦合求解。对比分析了高速工况下新型轴承和普通轴承对保持架打滑率、摩擦力矩、保持架-滚子碰撞力及保持架涡动的多目标控制能力，研究了新型轴承的滚子沟槽深度、兜孔间隙和保持架引导间隙等几何参数对保持架打滑率、摩擦力矩及保持架-滚子碰撞力的影响规律。结果表明，新型轴承对保持架打滑率、摩擦力矩、保持架-滚子碰撞力及保持架涡动的控制能力均明显优于普通轴承；其滚子沟槽深度的增加会减小保持架打滑率、摩擦力矩以及保持架-滚子碰撞力；兜孔间隙的增大会增大保持架打滑率，但会减小摩擦力矩和保持架-滚子碰撞力；引导间隙的增大会增大保持架打滑率、摩擦力矩以及保持架-滚子碰撞力。

关键词: 圆柱滚子轴承, 保持架打滑, 温升, 摩擦力矩, 保持架-滚子碰撞力, 保持架涡动

CLC Number:

TH133.3

LIU Yanbin, HAN Xiuying, LI Xuying, YAN Wenxin. Research on Dynamic Characteristics of U-pocket Cylindrical Roller Bearings[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 37(6): 1451-1461.

刘延斌, 韩秀英, 李旭莹, 闫文鑫. U形兜孔圆柱滚子轴承的动态特性研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2026, 37(6): 1451-1461.

Figures/Tables 30

Fig.1 Sketch of the U-pocket roller bearing

Fig.2 Coordinate system sketch of the bearing

Fig.3 Interaction sketch of the pocket-roller

Fig.4 Solution flowchart for oil film pressure and lumped force of the pocket-roller

Fig.5 Discrete model sketch of the pocket-roller

Fig.6 Solution flowchart for dynamics model of the bearing

Tab.1 Main geometric parameters of the bearing

几何参数	新型轴承	普通轴承
轴承内径/mm	40	40
内滚道直径/mm	52	52
滚子数	10	10
节圆直径/mm	66	66
滚子直径/mm	14	14
滚子长度/mm	15	15
滚子沟槽轴向宽度/mm	3.2
滚子沟槽深度/mm	3
保持架轴向厚度/mm	3
保持架引导间隙/mm	0.2	0.2
兜孔间隙/mm	0.14	0.14
径向游隙/mm	0.064	0.064

Tab.2 Material of the bearing

元件	新型轴承	普通轴承
内圈	轴承钢	轴承钢
外圈	轴承钢	轴承钢
滚子	轴承钢	轴承钢
保持架	铝青铜	黄铜

Tab.3 Basic parameters of lubrication oil

滑油参数	新型轴承	普通轴承
滑油型号	4106	4106
动力黏度/（Pa·s）	0.055	0.055
黏压系数/（Pa $- 1$ ）	1.85×10 $- 8$	1.85×10 $- 8$
黏温系数/（℃ $- 1$ ）	0.031 53	0.031 53

Tab.3 Basic parameters of lubrication oil

滑油参数	新型轴承	普通轴承
滑油型号	4106	4106
动力黏度/（Pa·s）	0.055	0.055
黏压系数/（Pa $- 1$ ）	1.85×10 $- 8$	1.85×10 $- 8$
黏温系数/（℃ $- 1$ ）	0.031 53	0.031 53

Fig.7 Comparison of cage slip rate of the novel and ordinary bearings

Fig.8 Comparison of friction torque of the novel and ordinary bearings

Fig.9 Comparison of single pocket-roller collision force of the novel and ordinary bearings

Fig.10 Comparison of component along X axis of total collision force on outer ring of the novel and ordinary bearings

Fig.11 Comparison of component along Y axis of total collision force on outer ring of the novel and ordinary bearings

Fig.12 Comparison of mass center orbit of cage of the novel and ordinary bearings

Fig.13 Cage slip rates under different groove depths

Fig.14 Cage slip rates under different pocket gaps

Fig.15 Cage slip rates under different guide gaps

Fig.16 Friction torques under different groove depths

Fig.17 Friction torques under different pocket gaps

Fig.18 Friction torques under different guide gaps

Fig.19 Pocket-roller collision forces under different groove depths

Fig.20 Pocket-roller collision forces under different pocket gaps

Fig.21 Pocket-roller collision forces under different guide gaps

Fig.22 The test bearings

Fig.23 Main part of the test machine

Fig.24 Comparison of test data and simulation data of cage slip rate

Fig.25 Comparison of cage slip rate of the novel and ordinary bearings

Fig.26 Comparison of temperature rise of the novel and ordinary bearings

Fig.27 Comparison of vibration acceleration amplitude of the novel and ordinary bearings

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