Design Methodologies for High-precision Sensing Mechanisms Based on Pressure Amplification​

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2025.11.015

China Mechanical Engineering ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (11): 2601-2608.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2025.11.015

Design Methodologies for High-precision Sensing Mechanisms Based on Pressure Amplification

Lejun HE¹^,²(), Yi XI¹(), Wen LIU², Xiang YAN², Mingjie XIN³, Chaoyang WANG⁴

^1.School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering，Hunan University of Science and Technology，Xiangtan，Hunan，411201
^2.College of Information and Intelligence Engineering，Zhejiang Wanli University，Ningbo，Zhejiang，315100
^3.Ningbo Xinjie Gas Appliances Co. ，Ltd. ，Ningbo，Zhejiang，315012
^4.Ningbo Huacheng Valve Co. ，Ltd. ，Ningbo，Zhejiang，315699

Received:2025-06-03 Online:2025-11-25 Published:2025-12-09
Contact: Yi XI

压力倍放高精感知机构设计方法研究

贺乐君¹^,²(), 习毅¹(), 刘文², 严翔², 忻明杰³, 王朝阳⁴

^1.湖南科技大学机电工程学院, 湘潭, 411201
^2.浙江万里学院信息与智能工程学院, 宁波, 315100
^3.宁波忻杰燃气用具实业有限公司, 宁波, 315012
^4.宁波华成阀门有限公司, 宁波, 315699

通讯作者: 习毅
作者简介:贺乐君，男，2001年生，硕士研究生。研究方向为机电液一体化。E-mail：2781349059@qq.com
习毅^*（通信作者），男，1988年生，副教授。研究方向为流体传动与控制、机电液一体化。发表论文10余篇。E-mail：xiyi1235@163.com。
第一联系人：王志^*（通信作者），男，1979年生，副教授。研究方向为航空发动机整机振动与故障诊断、转子动力学振动特性分析与参数识别、通航电动飞机振动噪声品质优化。E-mail：wangzi 629@163.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2024YFB3815005);宁波市“科创甬江2035”关键技术突破计划(2024Z161);宁波市“科创甬江2035”关键技术突破计划(2025Z142);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(23B0496)

Abstract

Abstract:

Aiming at the issues of delayed response in gas self-closing valves under gas leakage conditions， a high-precision sensing mechanism was designed based on the pressure amplification effect to improve the accuracy of abnormal flow cutoff. In the general parameterization （GP） stage， a pressure amplification sensing mechanism was explored， and a corresponding pressure amplification unit structure was designed. The spool dynamics model and a zonal pressure drop mathematical model were established， revealing the core mechanism by which minute flow changes trigger an exponential pressure drop surge and the key influences of spring stiffness on response characteristics. In the inverse parameterization / specific parameterization （IP/SP）stage， key parameter optimization was carried out based on the proposed GIS-P derivation method： through IP combined with FLUENT flow field simulation data， key empirical parameters in the pressure drop mathematical model were calibrated； then， via SP focusing on the target cutoff flow rate， the optimal spring stiffness was determined based on the analysis of the spool force-displacement characteristics. The research confirms that the proposed pressure amplification unit and the GIS-P optimization method may provide an effective theoretical basis and key parameter design guidance for the development of high-precision gas self-closing valves.

Key words: pressure amplifier, flow field characteristics, stiffness optimization design, mathematical model of pressure drop, “general-inverse-specific” parameterization（GIS-P） derivation method

摘要：

针对燃气泄漏工况下燃气自闭阀切断响应滞后的问题，设计了一种基于压力倍放效应的高精感知机构，旨在提高流量异常切断的精度。在通用参数化阶段，探讨了一种压力倍放感知机理并设计了相应的压力倍放单元结构，建立了其阀芯动力学模型和分区压降数学模型，揭示了微小流量变化触发指数级压降跃升的核心机制及弹簧刚度对响应特性的关键影响。在反演/具身参数化阶段，基于提出的“通用—反演—具身”参数推演方法进行关键参数优化：通过“反演参数化”结合FLUENT流场仿真数据，标定了压降数学模型中的关键经验参数；通过“具身参数化”聚焦目标切断流量，基于阀芯力-位移特性分析，优化求解出最佳弹簧刚度。研究证实，所提出的压力倍放单元及其通用—反演—具身的优化方法可为高精度燃气自闭阀的设计提供有效的理论依据与关键参数设计指导。

关键词: 压力倍放单元, 流场特性, 刚度优化设计, 压降数学模型, “通用—反演—具身”参数推演方法

CLC Number:

TH137.52

Lejun HE, Yi XI, Wen LIU, Xiang YAN, Mingjie XIN, Chaoyang WANG. Design Methodologies for High-precision Sensing Mechanisms Based on Pressure Amplification[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 36(11): 2601-2608.

贺乐君, 习毅, 刘文, 严翔, 忻明杰, 王朝阳. 压力倍放高精感知机构设计方法研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2025, 36(11): 2601-2608.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig.1 High-precision sensing mechanism based on pressure amplification

Fig.2 Structure of pressure amplification unit and pressure amplification contour

Fig.3 Schematic diagram of sensing mechanism dynamic model

Fig.4 Structural and functional zoning of pressure amplification unit

Fig.5 GIS-P method for stiffness parameter optimization

Fig.6 Comparison of simulation and experimental data

Fig.7 Flow-pressure drop characteristics of the inlet， pilot sensing， and outlet zones

Fig.8 Correlation characteristics of spool displacement with pressure drop and dynamic flow coefficient

Fig.9 Valve core air pressure-spring force-displacement characteristic correlation curve

Fig.10 Force-displacement characteristic curves of the spool under different flow rates

Fig.11 Theoretical verification of overcurrent cutoff

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