Table of Content

25 January 2015, Volume 26 Issue 2

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Simulation of Interfacial Delamination Crack of Waste Plastic Chips

Liu Xueping, Pang Zufu, Xiang Dong

2015, 26(2):  143-146. 

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This paper briefly analyzed the delaminated mechanism of waste plastic chips,got the facture energy release rate of chip layered interface crack through calculation, and established the judging criteria of interface crack propagation. Through simulation analysis, the influence rules among the chip internal stress load, crack length and fracture energy release rate required for crack propagation were obtained respectively. The results show that, the internal stress and structure's defects of the waste plastic chips can lead to delamination crack's generation and expansion. Finally, based on the results of theoretical and simulation calculations, this paper analyzed the old chip recycling and reuse technology, and proposed technical method to reduce the scathing of chip delamination.

Influences of Surface Roughness on Three Dimensional Stress Concentration Factor and Fatigue Life

Liao Zhiqi, Wu Yunxin, Yuan Haiyang

2015, 26(2):  147-151. 

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According to building three dimensional finite element model of plate surface topography, whose surface roughness were represented as the semi-ellipse micro-notches, the influences of micro-notch parameters on surface stress concentration factors were summed up. Empirical equation that related surface roughness to surface stress concentration factors of plate was established and predicted the fatigue life of the plate under different surface roughnesses. Research results show that:it is positive between stress concentration factor and surface roughness; when the number of notch is over 10, stress concentration factor is constant with the increase of the number of notch; when the ratio is over 5, multi-notches have been out of action to lessen the stress concentration; when surface roughness increases, the fatigue life decreases.

Research on Load Transmitting Characteristics Wind Turbine under Random Wind Speed

Wang Yang, Sun Wei, Wei Jing, Li Xiang, Hu Xinglong

2015, 26(2):  152-156. 

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Exponential function was used to describe the average wind speed, and the auto-regressive method was used to simulate nature random wind speed. Based on the moment of momentum theorem and simple spring-mass-damping model, the rigid drive model and flexible drive model of a wind turbine transmission system were established to describe the dynamic characteristics of the system. According to the parameters of 5MW variable speed and variable pitch wind turbine, the influences of the two different drive trains on the dynamic response of rotor blade and generator rotor under the random wind speed were calculated and analyzed and the results of dynamic response were compared. Based on flexible transmission system model, the influences of different main shaft stiffnesses on the dynamic response of transmission system were discussed to obtain the optimum main shaft stiffness, and rainflow counting method was utilized to describe the dynamic response of transmission system under different main shaft stiffnesses. The results  provide load data for the research of dynamic characteristics of transmission system of wind turbine.

Matching and Optimization for Chassis System of Wheeled Self-propelled Guns

Luo Zhongfeng, Xu Cheng, Xu Yadong

2015, 26(2):  157-162. 

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In order to deal with the optimum design for the chassis system(CS) of wheeled self-propelled guns,the way of MDO  was introduced for analyzing the complicated system. Taking optimum design for a 8 by 8 wheeled self-propelled gun for instance, the optimization model was established, then was partitioned into several subsystems. In accordance with the requests for the chassis matching with the fire system the respective computation models were provided. Subsequently the coupling relationships among subsystems were analyzed in a manner of MDO. Finally, the instrumental variables  were introduced to decouple subsystems from each other by the individual disciplinary feasible strategy. A combinatorial optimization algorithm of non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm Ⅱ and sequential quadratic programming was  selected to optimize the resulting problem and the calculation example was verified the validity of this design pattern.

Study on Fuzzy Self-tuning PID Parameters Control Method of Double-side Plane Lapping Force with Solid Abrasive  Materials

Gao Feng, Wang Yuan, Li Yan, Zhang Yanling, Hui Ye

2015, 26(2):  162-166. 

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NUMPOWER1060 NC system was acted herein as master control unit, combining the characteristics of force/position control and fuzzy inference, a novel force/position control method with fuzzy self-tuning PID parameters was presented. The relationship among lapping force of Z axis and its corresponding output torque was established by calibrating experiments with high-precision torque transducer and force sensor. According to the influencing law of Z-axis's feeding speed regulator  uv (the output of PID controller) on lapping force, the reasonable rule sets of fuzzy control were set up, by whose output the PID parameters could be adjusted, so it was effective to keep lapping force constant. The experimental results of lapping workpiece show that it is valid to improve the surface quality of workpiece remarkably.

Experimental Research on Abrasive Belt Grinding Cu-nickel-aluminum  Bronze

Lu Yong, Huang Yun, Yin Xian, Chen Yuhui,

2015, 26(2):  167-170,177. 

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The influences of abrasive belt granularity and different grinding parameters on grinding efficiency, workpiece surface quality and different effects of abrasive wear throughout the process of grinding Cu-nickel-aluminum bronze were  analyzed herein. The processing tests were carried out by alumina oxide abrasive belts for grinding Cu-nickel-aluminum bronze in different abrasive belt speeds and grinding forces respectively, the amount of material removal rate, workpiece surface roughness and belt wear were measured. The results show that increasing abrasive belt speed and grinding force can increase the material removal rate and the wear ratio to some extents. With the grinding force increasing, the workpiece surface roughness increases. With the abrasive belt granularity increasing, the workpiece surface roughness decreases. When the abrasive belt speed is 25m/s, the grinding force is 43N and the abrasive belt granularity is 240, Cu-nickel-aluminum bronze grinding effects reach the best.

Integration of Concurrent Development Process for Complex Products  with Resource Constraints

Xu Cijun, Li Aiping

2015, 26(2):  171-177. 

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An integration model for product development process with resource constraints was presented according to the characteristics such as different resource constraints and strong coupling among design activities. A management system architecture was constructed to provide the intercommunion and management platforms for product development information. Based on resource push-pull technology mapping model of function module, integration model of function module, integration model of process information, logical inference model and conflict-resolution model were studied to analyze integration technology of product development process. Based on the integration environment, an operation mode for complex product development process planning was presented.The feasibility of integration platform was demonstrated by an application example showing an improving design of piston-connecting rod unit.

Simulation of Kinematics Characteristics of a Direct Injection Gasoline Engine at Direct Start

Cao Zhicheng, He Bangquan

2015, 26(2):  178-184. 

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A three-dimensional model and a one-dimensional kinematics model for a direct injection gasoline engine were established and validated through engine experiments. The combustion characteristics in the first firing cylinder and the kinematics characteristics of the engine under the conditions of forward and reverse rotation were simulated when different fuel injection methods and spark ignition timings were employed at direct start. The results show that the peak cylinder pressure in the first firing cylinder after combustion in the cases of split injection is higher than that at single injection. But its magnitude is affected by spark ignition timing. Higher peak cylinder pressure increases the crank angles, which the engine can move in the reverse rotation direction. The engine speed in the forward rotation direction is the largest when the sequent cylinder is ignited at about 2° before the biggest reverse crank angles in both single injection and split injection, which is helpful to a successful direct start.

Generalized BOM Time Modeling

Yan Chongjing

2015, 26(2):  184-187,222. 

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A polygraph based method was proposed to describe time constraints and fuzzy time in one BOM. The time attributes was represented with fuzzy number and pigmentation of polychromatic set. Rules and approach were put forward to check and calculate the time consistency from BOM to time network. A case study was illustrated for evaluating the proposed method.

A Kind of Freestyle Optical Fiber Bundle Differential Pressure Sensor Based on Intensity Compensation

Hu Hao, Zhong Liqiong, Zhang Dabin

2015, 26(2):  188-192. 

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A kind of freestyle optical fiber bundle differential pressure sensor based on intensity compensation was designed and researched. Firstly, the sensor probe part was designed with double probe and the same structure, and was packaged by mechanical style. Then, the sensor fiber part was designed and analyzed on the intensity compensation, after the compensation, the output value of R was analyzed theoretically with the modulation function M. Finally, R was tested out under different conditions, changing the output power of the light source when there is same pressure p=20kPa  in two probes, or inputting different pressures  in two probes.Experimental results show that: through strength after compensation, the output value R≈1, at the same time under the influence of different pressure differentials, the output value R and pressure difference Δp within a certain area is of a good linear relationship. Through the above research it is proved that the effects of intensity compensation are obvious and can detect pressure difference.

Investigation of Electro-Hydraulic Loading System with Variable Stiffness

Fu Xiaoyun, He Xiangzong, Li Baoren

2015, 26(2):  192-195. 

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An electro-hydraulic loading system, conveying force by wire-rope, was designed to meet the requirements of  hardware-in-the-loop simulations of the towing system in the marine vessel. A mathematical model of the electro-hydraulic loading system was presented herein. The relationship expression between the wire-rope stiffness and the  loading force was derived from the results of experiments. Through the analysis of the effect of the wire-rope stiffness on the performance of the loading system and the design of the controller, it is concluded that the frequency width minifies and hysteresis increases with the wire-rope stiffness decreases. Then a variable gain feed-forward compensation controller was designed. Experimental results show that this method can improve force tracking accuracy of the system. The paper provides a theoretical basis for high performance electric hydraulic loading system controller design with variable stiffnesses.

Predicative Methods of Tovo-Benasciutti Fatigue Life under Considering Mean Stress Effects

Cheng Junsheng, Yuan Yi, Yu Zhentao, Yuan Hui

2015, 26(2):  196-199. 

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In order to consider the mean stress effects on the structural vibration fatigue life under cyclic loads,the paper proposed a method to revise the Tovo-Benasciutti  fatigue damage model. An approximate model between the mean stress correcting coefficient and the random stress band coefficient was built with radial basis function, and the Tovo-Benasciutti fatigue damage model was built under considering the mean stress effects. The fatigue life for a simple beam was estimated with Tovo-Benasciutti fatigue damage model under considering the mean stress effects, the results show that the Tovo-Benasciutti fatigue damage model under considering the mean stress effects can get a closer result to the test.

Study on Mechanism of Laser Metal Deposition Based on Ultrasonic Vibration

Chen Xueyong, Shi Enxiu, Todd Sparks, Ruan Jianzhong

2015, 26(2):  200-203. 

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To improve the hardness of deposition layer got by LDMD for stainless steel 316L, a kind of new deposition method—LUMD was put forward herein to refine the crystalline for increasing the hardness of deposition layer during laser deposition. By analyzing the theory of LUMD, the growth direction and growth velocity of deposition layer crystalline  were changed so that the micro-hardness of the laser deposition layer was improved while base board was vibrated supersonically. It is found from experiments microstructure picture that the mechanical behavior of laser deposition layer was influenced because of the base board vibration. It is testified by experiments that the crystalline of deposition layer got by LUMD is refine and the hardness of deposition layer is increased while the parameters of LUMD are changed. It is also verified that the hardness of deposition layer is improved significantly when the process parameters in LUMD are selected reasonably.

Autonomous Shop Floor Control through Wireless Sensor Networking

Zhang Jie, Zhang Junping, Shi Ke

2015, 26(2):  204-210. 

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An autonomous shop floor control system based on wireless sensor network was proposed to cope with the unforeseen inside and outside disturbances occurring frequently. In this system, the physical objects such as the parts and machines were enriched with competencies and abilities for communicating, computing and decision-making by sensor nodes embedding. A pheromone based control algorithm that imitated ants foraging behavior was developed to make the parts autonomously deciding efficient processing operations and routing paths. To demonstrate the feasibility and advantages  of the proposed control system, a prototype implementation was developed, and experiments were made with this prototype implementation. The experimental results illustrate the advantages of the proposed approach and its capacity to surmount perturbations.

Precision Control and Experiments of Electronic Gearbox

Tian Xiaoqing , Han Jiang, Xia Lian

2015, 26(2):  211-216. 

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The implementation principles of EGB and the EGB realization method in CNC system were first studied herein. Then, the reasons of gear generating errors were discussed from the point of geometric view, and the instantaneous EGB control error calculation formula was deduced. In addition, the simulation models of EGB were built, the control errors were obtained by simulation analysis and optimization, and the optimization model was applied into the CNC system of six axis experimental platform. Then, the errors were analyzed under the no-load conditions. Finally, the CNC system with EGB was applied in YS3118 CNC gear hobbing machine. The gear machining and measuring results show that the EGB control precision can satisfy the demands of gear machining.

Application of Regression Algorithm of LS-SVM in Tool Wear Prediction

Guan Shan, Yan Lihong, Peng Chang

2015, 26(2):  217-222. 

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Aiming at online predicting tool wear accurately, a method based on the regression algorithm of LS-SVM was proposed. First the acoustic emission signals were decomposed into several intrinsic mode functions(IMF) employing empirical mode decomposition. Then, an AR model of each IMF was established respectively. AR model coefficients were extracted to construct feature vector. Finally, the feature vectors were feed into LS-SVM and prediction of tool wear was realized. The experimental results show that it can predict the amount of tool wear after 10s according to the current cutting conditions and the proposed method has better accuracy compared with neural network algorithm.

A Knowledge-reuse-based Rapid Design Method for Clamp Arms

Yang Zhibing, Li Manli

2015, 26(2):  223-227. 

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To make full use of existing knowledges on clamp arm design, a method combined knowledge reuse and parametric design was put forward to realize the rapid design. The characteristics of clamp arms structure and design knowledge were analyzed, and the knowledge was classified and represented. The factual and procedural knowledges were applied to the standard models utilizing the knowledge engineering and parametric design, and the mesh information was represented through the instances. Through the CBR, the most matching instances were searched out according to the attribute similarity between the new instance and original instances, as well as the guidance factor of history design. Finally, a case study was demonstrated to show the feasibility and validity of the proposed method.

Design and Implementation of Oil Supply Mode in Liquid Lubrication Based on Harmonic Principle

Ji Fenzhu, Du Farong, Guo Yuchen, Nie Lei

2015, 26(2):  228-232. 

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An oil-supply system in liquid lubrication system was designed based on harmonic principle. The basic structure and oil- supply mechanism were analyzed. The elastomer was one of the main parts. The deformation and particle vibration of the elastomer were  as the key factors for oil supplying. The theoretical modes were founded on deformation curve and particle vibration trail of the elastomer. The elastomeric deformation was calculated and analyzed utilizing the finite element software.And the simulation analysis was done for the oil flowing from storage chamber to friction surfaces. The calculation results show that: the radial (bending) deformation of elastomer is emerged under the working load; and the particle vibration is occurred along the radial and circumference directions; the deformation and vibration make the oil flow to friction surfaces from the oil cavity through holes. So the oil supply mode in view of the harmonic principle can  be achieved. The effectiveness of this oil supply mode was verified.

Research on Numerical Performance of Matrix Pencil Based on Flutter Test Analysis

Tan Bo, Zheng Hua

2015, 26(2):  233-237. 

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In order to apply  MP  algorithm into flutter test data processing,the   characteristics were studied through Monte Carlo method,the effects of signal length,signal-noise ratio  and parameters were mainly concerned.Then MP algorithm was tested  with real collected data from   physical experiments.The results  show  that  MP is  a valuable  method to identify modal parameters  for flutter test analyzses  compared with traditional ways of data processing.

Method for Determining Best Piston Numbers of a Swash Plate Axial Piston Pump

Liu Zhifeng, Yuan He, Cheng Huanbo, Xie Ping

2015, 26(2):  237-242. 

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The main influencing factors of a swash plate axial piston pump's structure and properties were put forward, and correlation among the piston numbers and those main influencing factors was analyzed. A best program of the piston number was obtained by using the comprehensive factor evaluation method, which was a comprehensive weighted and comparison of every factor. For the K3V double-compound axial piston pump,the best piston number is as 9 using the above method. The method for determining the piston numbers provides the theory and method for selecting the best piston numbers of a swash plate axial piston pump.

Research on MTE Real-time Modeling Based on Dynamic Coefficient Method

Xu Xin, Zhang Tianhong, Sheng Hanlin

2015, 26(2):  243-247. 

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This paper obtained a series of rotating speed-fuel consumption steady state and dynamic property of the engine at some steady points by using system identification method of time domain, obtained steady state relationship and acceleration coefficient for full range by using interpolation method, and established real-time model of the engine for full range by using dynamic coefficient method. This model was characterized by simple structure, small calculating amount, high real-time control. Simulation results show that this model can well reflect the steady state and dynamic property of MTE, compared to experimental data, steady point's deviation of the model is less than 1%, deviation of transient process is less than 6%, which can apply to fault-tolerant control of MTE.

Waste Collection Vehicle Routing Problem with Time  Windows Based  on Improved  Ant  Colony  Optimization

Liu Qiong, Liu Xiucheng, Zhang Chaoyong, Rao Yunqing

2015, 26(2):  247-244. 

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A mathematical model aiming at minimizing the fuel consumption for the waste collection vehicle routing problem with time windows,driver rest period and multiple disposal facilities was set up.The main factors to affect the fuel consumption of a vehicle considered  herein were  the load of  a  vehicle and distance traveled.An improved MAX-MIN ant  system algorithm was proposed.Based  on characteristics of the time windows,two  kinds of dynamic candidate lists were designed to improve the searching efficiency of the algorithm.A new probabilistic condition transition rule for the MAX-MIN ant system algorithm was proposed.The nearest neighborhood search with distance limitation was integrated in the transition rule of proposed algorithm.The proposed model and algorithm were validated by comparion with  benchmark problems in literatures.

Erosion Wear Mechanism and Laser Cladding Remanufacturing of High-pressure Throttle Valves

Bo Jikang

2015, 26(2):  255-259. 

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To solve the problem of erosion wear mechanism and the partial damage repair problems of the valve core in the application of high-pressure throttle valves, this paper performed erosion wear experiments of a high-pressure throttle valve. The erosion wear mechanism of the valve core was presented based on the analysis of erosion phenomena and pattern. To recover the service performance of high-pressure throttle valve, laser cladding remanufacturing of the valve
core was conducted by using ferroalloy powder, and the shape and size of the valve core was restored.The erosion wear experiments of the remanufactured high-pressure throttle valve were performed,and the experimental results show that laser cladding remanufacturing can restore the service performance of the high-pressure throttle valve.

Analysis of Effect Factor of Springback Control of Tailor Welded Blanks Air Bending Process

Duan Yongchuan, Guan Yingping

2015, 26(2):  260-266. 

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An analytical springback prediction model of TWBs for air bending process was put forward for small curvature bending. At the air bending unloading phase, the interaction moment of the two parent blanks was introduced to the model, the unloaded angle was obtained based on a single parent plate in the analytical model. The effect law of bending force and unloaded angle were obtained using analytical model. The main effect factors of bending force and unloaded angle were determined.

Finite Element Analysis of Creep Behavior of Dissimilar Steel Welded Joint

Zhang Boqi, Cai Zhipeng, Li Kejian, Li Yifei, Pan Jiluan

2015, 26(2):  266-271. 

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Dissimilar welded joints are often used in large components working under high temperature. The creep rupture property of dissimilar welded joint is of great significance for the safety of the structure. Conventional creep test and creep rupture test are only applicable to homogeneous materials, but not to inhomogeneous materials. In order to solve this problem, a finite element model was built according to a dissimilar welded joint used in a real component which made up of martensitic steel and pearlitic steel.By using K-R creep damage model and advanced θ Projection model respectively, it is found that the creep rupture property of inhomogeneous dissimilar joint is different from that of homogeneous base metal, weld metal and transition layer. The creep rate of transition layer in dissimilar joint is higher than the same homogeneous material, which means the heterogeneity of structure leads to additional creep damage. The conclusion can be made that it is unreliable to predict the creep life of a dissimilar steel structure only according to creep rupture tests on different parts for homogenous materials,the finite elements analysis based on creep rupture test is also necessary.

Rapid Optimization of T-Joint in Vehicle Body Oriented Forward Conceptual Design

Song Kai, Wang Chao, Cheng Aiguo, Duan Libin

2015, 26(2):  272-277. 

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In  the conceptual design phase of  a  vehicle body,the rapid optimization idea oriented forward conceptual design for T-joint was proposed.The full parametric model of T-joint driven by implicit parameters was directly established using joint cross-section information quickly,rather than using the CAD model,and the automatic multi-objective optimization design process of T-joint was created. With the constraints of meeting the strength and stiffness requirements, took below joint of B pillar of a certain car for example, the T-joint structure with better side impact performance and quality targets was designed quickly. Optimization results were  applied to the actual vehicle after appropriate adjustments according to the requirements of stamping process and the outer shape.

Research on Dynamic Load Emulation for Powertrain Testbench

Li Wenli, Shi Xiaohui, Shi Quan, Zou Xihong, Guo Dong, Yu Yong

2015, 26(2):  278-283. 

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To  test  and emulate the vehicle powertrain performance,a test bed with dynamic emulation unit was constructed.The loads of the vehicle wheel subjected the actual road and inertia were  emulated by two AC dynamometers.The vehicle longitudinal dynamics model and the mathematical model of the test bed were established.The whole vehicle was equaled to wheel inertia based on actual pavement condition and test platform structure.Transfer function of the test bench was identified and a strategy of speed track was proposed.Two-degree-of-freedom(2-DOF) proportional-integral-derivative(PID) controller for an  engine throttle system was designed and the  PID  control gains were optimized using IFT.After the third iteration, the percent overshoot of the accelerator pedal control system is reduced  to 14.7%,and settling time is reduced to 0.5s.The results  show  that  the control accuracy and response speed are improved.