低匹配对接接头的抗冲击等承载设计方法

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2021.06.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对A921高强钢低匹配焊接接头抗冲击承载能力不足的问题，基于等承载的思想提出了以冲击功为承受冲击载荷能力的参量，并以此建立了等承载关系。通过A921钢试件的夏比冲击试验，发现其材料冲击韧度与抗弯能力之间具有线性关系，并获得了冲击韧度与构件几何尺寸之间的定量关系。通过Q345钢试件的冲击试验验证了上述关系依然成立，表明该线性关系具备一定的可推广性。如果两材料均满足该关系，则可以借助该关系对比材料的冲击韧性，并预测不同尺寸试件受冲击的力学响应。为此，提出了材料的抗冲击等承载设计方案：通过计算使母材与焊接接头断裂消耗冲击功相等的最佳接头厚度，将其作为冲击载荷下等承载接头的设计条件，并结合接头几何参数优化方法，实现材料的抗冲击等承载设计。

关键词: 冲击载荷, 冲击功, 等承载, 设计方法

Abstract: In order to solve the problems of insufficient impact load-carrying capacity of undermatching butt joints of A921 high-strength steel，based on the idea of ELC, the impact energy was taken as the parameter of the load-carrying capacity of impact load, and the relationship of ELC was established. Through Charpy impact tests of A921 steel specimen, it is found that there is a linear relationship between impact toughness and bending resistance, and the quantitative relationship between the impact toughness and component geometry size is obtained. The impact test results of Q345 steel specimen show that the relationship is still valid, which indicates that the relationship may be generalized to a certain extent. The impact toughness of two materials may be compared and the mechanics response of specimens with different sizes may be predicted by this relationship. Finally, the design scheme of ELC impact resistance was proposed: the optimal joint thickness was calculated to make the base metal and the welded joint fracture consume the same impact energy, then making the thickness as the design conditions of ELC joints under the impact loads, thus the design was carried out in combination with the geometric parameter optimization method of ELC joints.

Key words: undermatching joint, impact load, impact energy, equal load carrying(ELC), design method

中图分类号:

TG407

董志波, 卢伟泽, 相靓宇, 方洪渊. 低匹配对接接头的抗冲击等承载设计方法[J]. 中国机械工程, 2021, 32(06): 729-733.

DONG Zhibo, LU Weize, XIANG Jingyu, FANG Hongyuan. Design Method of Undermatching Butt Joints for ELC of Impact Resistance[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2021, 32(06): 729-733.

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